The cluster of hydrocarbon lakes was spotted near Titan's frigid north pole during a weekend overflight by the international Cassini spacecraft, which flew within 950km of the moon.
Researchers from the University of Arizona in the US counted about a dozen lakes ranging from 10 kilometres to 100 kilometres wide.
Some lakes, which appeared as dark patches in radar images, were connected by channels while others had tributaries flowing into them.
Several were dried up, but the ones that contained liquid were most likely a mix of methane and ethane.
Titan is one of two moons in the solar system known to possess a significant atmosphere similar to primordial Earth.
But scientists have long puzzled over the source of its hazy atmosphere rich in nitrogen and methane.
Scientists believe methane gas breaks up in Titan's atmosphere and forms smog clouds that then rain methane down to the surface.
But the source of methane inside the moon, which is releasing the gas into the atmosphere is still unknown.