Saddam Hussein and his co-defendants are being tried over the Anfal campaign in the Kurdish region of northern Iraq in the late 1980s.
Ali Mustafa Hama, a Kurdish villager, recalled the evening of April 16, 1987, when he said about eight to 12 jets appeared in the sky.
"The jets started firing on the villages of Belisand and Sheikwasan. The explosions were not very loud," he said, testifying in open court, unlike the witnesses in Saddam's previous trial, whose identities were concealed.
"There was green smoke rising from the bomb, as if there was a rotten apple or garlic smell. Lots of citizens immediately had red eyes and began to vomit," the middle-aged farmer said.
Najiba Khudair Ahmad, a 41-year-old mother, told the Iraqi High Tribunal she lost family members in the attack on Sheikwasan.
“We were blinded. Our men fled to the mountains. I was unable to make it to the mountains. I took shelter in a cave. My father-in-law died in the village, due to chemical weapons. I could not see, I was blind," she said.
"Even now my throat has problems. Skin from all delicate parts of my body has peeled off. After the attacks I had a baby whose skin also peeled off and is sick. I also had miscarriages," she said, dabbing away tears.
"I know Saddam's aim was genocide. To kill Kurds ... I swear by God. I can feel it. Saddam's intention was to kill and cleanse the Kurds," she said.
The 1987-88 so-called Anfal campaign against Iraq's Kurdish minority allegedly left up to 182,000 civilians slaughtered in air strikes, chemical attacks and armed sweeps by Iraqi forces through designated "prohibited zones" in Kurdish regions.
However under defence cross-examination, Hama admitted that Kurdish guerrilla fighters, the "peshmerga," had visited his village before the bombing.
"Sometimes peshmergas, nine or five or three, used to visit our village to get food and blankets. They used to come at night," Hama told the court.
Two of Saddam's six co-accused had argued that the Anfal campaign was justified in the context of the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war as an offensive against separatist Kurdish guerrillas and Iranian invaders.