The Turkish Community in Australia:
Arrival
Large scale immigration to Australia began in the late 1960s.
The book The Australian People (edited by James Jupp and published by Angus and Robertson, in 1988) notes only 116 Turks were living in Australia just after the end of the Second World War.
However, in 1968 Australia and Turkey signed a special agreement to establish an assisted migration program.
It came into being at a time of intense debate about the White Australia Policy and as the government was considering looking for new source-countries for prospective migrants.
During the life of the agreement, most of the Turkish-speaking migrants who arrived in Australia were from Anatolia.
Settlement
With rapid and sustained migration under the program, came the establishment of community organisations. By 1984 there were almost fifty groups supporting the Turkish community.
Nowadays, it's estimated almost 30,000 Turkish-born people live in Australia and figures from the 2010 census put the number of Turkish speakers at around 60,000.
Many come from Cyprus as well. An important factor in the maintenance of Turkish language and culture has been the establishment of language schools and Islamic and Koranic studies at special schools and local mosques and a strong media.