Australia's spies now have greater surveillance and search powers to fight terrorism.
The first tranche of tough new counter-terrorism laws, which cleared parliament on Wednesday, allow domestic spy agency ASIO to use a single warrant to access third party computers and multiple devices.
Anyone who identifies an ASIO agent could face a decade in prison.
Whistleblowers and journalists also face a 10-year jail sentence if they reveal details of intelligence operations.
Justice Minister Michael Keenan said the laws were a first step in the government's response to emerging security threats.
"The government's number one priority is to keep Australia safe ... from those who would seek to do us harm," he told parliament.
Labor supported the laws but not before one of its MPs made known her opposition.
While West Australian MP Melissa Parke did not cross the floor to vote against the government and her colleagues, she joined the Australian Greens and independent MPs in condemning key aspects of the new laws.
She was not convinced the laws warranted a broad extension of powers which she said could be potentially abused.
Ms Parke controversially suggested the real threat to the nation came from giving ASIO more powers, not from terrorists.
"That is the true measure of what terrorism may achieve and it's for parliament to decide to give the terrorists such a victory," she said, quoting a UK politician.
The Labor line was argued by shadow attorney-general Mark Dreyfus.
He acknowledged concerns about ASIO's expanded ability to obtain warrants to search computers, but said the new powers were not as extensive as some suggested.
Mr Dreyfus played down concerns the new laws imposed greater penalties on journalists for revealing details of intelligence operations, insisting they won't be stopped from reporting on national security matters.
Greens deputy leader Adam Bandt and independent MP Andrew Wilkie weren't convinced - delaying the bill's passage by unsuccessfully trying to change provisions to protect journalists and limit the scope of warrants.
This led to sometimes acerbic spats with Mr Keenan and Assistant Defence Minister Stuart Robert.
Mr Robert said the "luddite" Greens didn't understand modern computer networks.
Mr Bandt's proposed limit of 20 computers for each warrant wouldn't even cover all the linked devices in his home.
"I accept my fridge is a threat to national security," Mr Robert sneered.
Mr Wilkie failed to extend the oversight powers of the joint parliamentary committee on intelligence and security to operational matters.
It's now limited to the administration and financial management of the spy agencies.
Labor joined the government to crush all the proposed amendments, with only fellow crossbencher Cathy McGowan joining Mr Bandt and Mr Wilkie in favour.
A second suite of anti-terror laws targeting foreign fighters will be debated in parliament in mid-October.
Those changes also have opposition support and would make it a criminal office to travel to a terrorist hot-spot without a reasonable excuse.
A third bill enabling the collection of metadata will be introduced later in 2014.
Meanwhile, in a separate move, the government has given ASIO a $200 million boost over the next four years to combat terrorism.
PARLIAMENT HAS APPROVED:
* Greater surveillance and search powers for ASIO including access to computers and inspection of postal and delivery service articles.
* Limited immunity from prosecution to intelligence officers engaged in special operations.
* New "whistleblower" offences for unauthorised dealings with an intelligence-related record, including copying, transcription, removal and retention.
* Maximum 10 year imprisonment for unauthorised communication and publication of intelligence-related information.
* Increased penalties for identifying intelligence officers.
