Macron was projected to win 23.9 percent in Sunday's first round, slightly ahead of National Front (FN) leader Le Pen with 21.7 percent, according to estimates on public television.
They will contest the run-off on May 7.
"I want to be the president of the patriots against the threat of nationalists," 39-year-old Macron told thousands of cheering supporters in Paris.
The euro rose sharply against the dollar and yen as the results emerged.
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