A 53-year-old Liverpool supporter, Simon Cox, was seriously injured in an attack during the trouble outside Anfield which preceded the semi-final first leg on April 24.
Merseyside Police said two days later they had charged two men from Rome with violent disorder following the incident.
UEFA said that both clubs had been charged with crowd disturbances "based on incidents that took place outside the stadium."
European soccer's governing body changed its disciplinary rules around 18 months ago to include trouble which happens in the vicinity of stadiums on match days.
Liverpool, who won the game 5-2, were also charged with the setting off of fireworks and throwing of objects.
UEFA said the case would be heard on May 31.
AS Roma president James Pallotta described the attack on Cox as “just the most disgusting stupidity and my prayers are for him and his family”.
(Writing by Brian Homewood; Editing by Toby Davis)
Source: Reuters
