Amid debate about how best to counter threats posed by groups such as the self-proclaimed Islamic State, much of the focus is on direct government action - military or legislative. Image: IS militants pass a checkpoint bearing the group's trademark black flag in Kirkuk, Iraq (AAP)
In the last federal budget, the government committed about $450 million to countering violent extremism.
The bulk of that was dispersed between security and intelligence agencies.
However, some academics and experts argue that understanding - and empowering - young people is the key to countering terrorism.
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