Independent senator Nick Xenophon won't be putting his name on Tuesday night's census form, just like Greens senators Sarah Hanson-Young and Scott Ludlam and crossbencher Jacqui Lambie.
Senator Ludlam, who is "a big fan of the census", told ABC he is taking the stand because he doesn't believe the ABS is capable of protecting the collected data.
"If the US Department of State, and the CIA, and the Australian Department of Immigration and Border Protection weren't able to prevent themselves from being hacked... there's nothing about the ABS that gives you confidence that couldn't happen in the future."
Senator Lambie told ABC she's concerned about people who need their privacy protected, such as "the Australian Defence Force members, veterans out there, police officers, people wanting witness protection, judiciary members - just to name a few".
"And obviously I've had death threats in the past, so I am very concerned about putting my name and address on that census data."
They will risk fines of $180 per day for each day their census form is not filled out, potentially being able to start a test case on whether not including names is a fineable offence.
Senator Xenophon hopes to be a test case and will introduce his legislation that makes giving your name optional in the future.
He rejects a claim by Small Business Minister Michael McCormack that people already hand over more information when they shop online, sign up to a supermarket loyalty card or log in to Facebook.
"Facebook doesn't fine you $180 a day until you comply," Senator Xenophon told the Nine Network ahead of the Tuesday night survey.
Mr McCormack insists the ABS has an impeccable record when it comes to privacy and even the prime minister can't access the census data.
He hopes reluctant senators will get on board, especially because they want their states to be properly resourced - something based on the population data which is received.
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