The tragedy of submarine KRI Nanggala-402. A case for increased defence spending?

The sinking of the Indonesian submarine KRI Nanggala-402 has shocked and saddened the Indonesian nation. As people grieve they are asking why this happened and how to avoid similar incidents in future.

The submarine KRI Nanggala-402 was well over 40 years old. Did its age contribute to its demise? Source: Image by jonberbs/creative commons

Dr Senia Febrica is a researcher and a Knowledge Exchange Associate with the One Ocean Hub.  She explains the future steps that the Indonesian government needs to take to improve military safety and capability 

The opinions expressed by Dr Senia Febrica are not necessarily those of the One Ocean Hub.

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The submarine's status was changed from missing to sunk as the debris was found. Source: Getty Images/SBS / 25 April 2021.