United States president Donald Trump has also signed into law a bill that imposes new sanctions on Russia.
The US Congress overwhelmingly approved the measure last week.
But in a statement, President Trump has criticised the legislation as having "clearly unconstitutional" elements.
The bill runs counter to his desire to improve relations with Russia and also affects Iran and North Korea.
The Republican-controlled Congress approved the legislation by such a large margin it would have thwarted any attempt by President Trump to veto the bill.
Russian prime minister Dmitry Medvedev says new United States sanctions against Russia amount to a full-scale trade war.
In a Facebook post, Mr Medvedev says the sanctions show the Trump administration is utterly powerless.
Russia's United Nations ambassador, Vassily Nebenzia, says the new sanctions will not change Russian policy.
