The study on the fringe social media platform Gab found overt hate speech against Jewish people, which is part of a wider trend online.
And now a study of 40 Australian accounts on the alternative social media website Gab shows a spike in posts during lockdown months of 2020.
Gab is a US-based platform which says it champions free speech; an estimated four million users are expressing their views worldwide.
The content in the study included complaints about the restricted freedoms, disinformation about COVID-19 and far-right discussions about race.
The research involved the Institute for Strategic Dialogue and Victoria University's Institute for Sustainable Industries and Livable cities.
