Maalinka koowaad sannadka loo yaqaan 'Luna Year' waxaay sannadka 2022ka bilaabantay 1dii bishan Febraayo.
Sannadka cusub ee Luna Year-ku afar weji ayuu leeyahay, kuwaas oo kala ah: Wejiga koowaad oo la yidhaahdo Little Year, ka labaad oo ah maalin la dadka ku dhaqmaa sameeyaan xusid iyo cibaadeysi, New Year's Eve iyo maalinta isu-imaatinka iyo hadyad-bixinta.
Dabbaal-degga Luna Year-ka oo isla-markaa loo yaqaanno, Spring Festival, waxa uu socdaa 15 maalmood oo ku dhammaada, wejiga la yidhaahdo Lantern Festival.
Dr Pan Wang, oo bare sare ka ah jaamacadda University of New South Wales, ayaa tidhi, "Luna Year-ku waa bilowga sannadka lagu tirsado bisha ama dayaxa. Wuxuuna ku salaysan yahay wareegyada Dayaxa, waxaana kale oo lagu magacaabaa, bay tidhi, Chinese New Year oo macneheedu yahay Sannadka Cusub ee Shiinaha ama Sring Festival.
Dr Wang, waxay intaa kusii dartay in Luna Year-ka looga dabbaal dego waddammo kale oo ka mid ah qaaradda Asia, sida Korea, Vietnam iyo Japan.
Waxay kale oo sheegtay in Luna Year-ku leeyahay sooyaal dheer oo ah illaa 4000 oo sannadood, taasoo ka soo bilaabantay boqortooyadii Shiinaha ee Xia [ shiyaa ] ama tii ku xigtey ee la odhan jirey Shang.
Source: Getty Images/Kiszon Pascal
"Fursad ah in wax laga barto dhaqammada Koonfurta Bari (South Eastern) iyo Bariga (Eastern) Asia"
Dr Kai Zhang waxa ay ka shaqaysaa Barnaamijka Luqadda Shiinaha ee Casriga ah ee Dugsiga Dhaqanka, Taariikhda iyo Luqadda ee Jaamacadda Australian National University oo Camberra ku taalla.
Waxay sheegtay in dabbaaldegyada sannadka cusub ee Luna Year, ee Australia lagu qabtaa ay fursad weyn u yihiin dadka adduunka oo dhan si ay wax uga bartaan dhaqammada waddamada Shiinaha, kuwa Koonfurta-bari iyo Bariga Asia-ba, guud ahaan.
"Waa dhacdo-dhaqameed sooyaal dheer leh, uuna ku dhex jiro macne weyn oo muhiim ahi " ayay tiri.
Siyaabo loogu dabbaal-dego Luna Year-ka
Siyaabaha loogu dabbaad-dego sannadka cusub ee luna Year-ka waxa ka mid ah sharraxaadda iyo qurxinta guryaha iyo goobaha kaleba iyo in qoysku ay meel ku wada casheeyaan habeenka sanadka cusubi soo gelayo. Waxaa kale oo ka mid ah baqshado midabkoodu gaduud yahay iyo hadyado la isa siiyo, qarxinta rashka, iyo daawashada qoob-ka-ciyaarrada la kala yidhaahdo Lion Dance iyo Dragon Dance.
"Sannadka cusub ee Luna Year-ka waxa lagu xusaa in la cuno, kalluunka, Dumplings, iyo inay isu yimaaddaan qoysaska iyo saaxiibbadu" ayay mar kale tidhi Dr Wang"
Waxay intaa kusii dartay oo ay tidhi: " Midabka gaduudan waxaa loo arkaa inuu yahay mid laga helo nasiib aad u badan. Markaa, midabka gaduudka ah, in wax lagu qurxiyo ka sokoow, waxaa caado u ah dadka Shiinaha inay carruurtooda siiyaan baqshad gaduudan si ay ugu dabaaldegaan sanadka cusub iyo korriinkoodaba."
Chinese dancers perform during the Sydney Lunar Festival Media Launch at the Chinese Garden of Friendship in Sydney on February 9, 2021. Source: AAP Image/Bianca De Marchi
Iris Tang waxay ku kortay waddanka Shiinaha, waxayna Australia soo degtey 20 sannadood ka hor.
Waxay sheegtay in farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya dabaaldegyada Australia iyo kuwa waddanka Shiinahu uu yahay in shiinaha laga galo fasax dheer oo dadweyne, oo ku beegan dabaaldegga sanadka cusub - xilligaas oo ah xilli boqollaal milyan oo qofi, ay u safraan magaalooyinka ay ka deggan yihiin Shiinaha si ay ula kulmaan qoysaskooda.
Tang, waxay rumaysan tahay in cuntadu tahay qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dabaaldegga sanadka Luna Year ee cusub ee Australia, sida Shiinaha oo kale, waxayna tidhi:
"Shakhsi ahaan, waxaan magaalada Camberra kula dabaaldegaa qoyskayga iyo saaxiibadayda annaga oo diyaarinna cuntooyin aad u badan. Miis ayaanu hareeraha ka fadhiisanna laga bilaabo habeenka sannadka cusubi soo gelayo markaasaanu samayna boqollaal Dumplings ah"
Waxaa laga yaabaa bay tidhi, inaan sameeyo cunto ka badan mid hal mar loo fadhiisto, oo aan markaa qaboojiyaha ku kaydiyo si loo cuno inta dabbaal-degga sannadka cusubi socdo.
Sooyaal tirsiga soo-jireenka ah ee Shiinaha
Inkasta oo Shiinuhu wakhtigan casriga ah isticmaalo sooyaal-tiriyaha Gregorian, haddana waxaa weli laga isticmaalaa taariikh-tiriyaha kale ee soo jireenka ah ee shiinaha, iyadoo sidaas oo kalena ay si weyn u isticmaalaan dadka Shiinaha ee ku nool adduunka kale, maadaama ay taariikh-tiriyahaa ku cayiman yihiin, ciido-dhaqameeku, sida sannadka cusub ee Luna Year iyo bandhigga Lantern Festival-ku.
Waxaa kale oo sooyaal-tiriyahaa ku cayiman maalmo kale qiimo curraafaysi ah u leh dadka isticmaala, sida maalmah guurka, kuwa aaska, maalmaha la guuro ama kuwa la bilaabo ganacsi, ayay tidhi Dr Pan Wang.
"Sooyaal-tiriyaha dhaqameed ee Shiinahu wuxuu ku salaysaan yahay qorraxda iyo dayaxa. Wuxuu raacaa socodka dayaxa iyo qorraxda. Waxuu ka shidaal qaataa meeraysiga uu dayaxu dhulka ku meeraysto iyo meeraysiga uu dhulka qudhiisu qorraxda ku meeraysto"
"Sooyaal-tirsigan, maalinka bishu bilaabmayto waxaa lagu saleeyaa dayaxa., Sida sooyaal-tiriyeyaasha kale ee dayaxa lagu tiryona, tirada maalmaha bishu waa 29 ama 30 maalmood. Maalinka uu sannadku bilaabmayana waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa wareegga uu dhulku ku meeraysto qorraxda" ayay tidh Dr Wang.
Sooyaal-tirsigaas oo haddana sii kala duduwan ayaa laga isticmaalaa Asiyada Bari oo dhan.
Source: Getty Images/d3sign
Sannad kasta bilowga Sannadka cusub ee Luna Year wuxuu dhacaa bisha Jannaayo ama Febraayo - sida ay sheegtay Pan Wang.
"Wuxuu bilaabmaa bay tidhi inta u dhexaysa dhammaadka Jannaayo iyo badhtamaha Febraayo. Sannadkanna wuxuu bilaabmay Febraayo".
Dabbaal-degga Faynuusta (The Lantern Festival)
Sida caadiga ah dabbaal-degyada Luna Year waxay socdaan 15 maalmood oo ka bilaabma habeenka Sannadka cusubi loo gelayo, kuna dhammaad maalinka 15aad ee sannadka Luna Yearka - Sidaana waxaa tidhi: Dr Kai Zhang
Dabbaal-degga Lantern Festival-ku, waxay sannad kasta la meel dhacdaa maalinka 15aad ee bisha koowaad Luna Year-ka. Sidaasina waxay ku qoran tahay taariikh-tiriyaha Shiinaha.
"Waxaa loo yaqaannaa, bay Ms Wang leedahay, Lantern Festival, waaayo waxaa jira dhaqan ah in qoysasku carruurtooda u sameeyaan faynuusyo yaryar oo ay ku daaraan albaabka hortiisa".
Illaa iyo samannadii hore ee boqortooyadii Tang-na waxaa maalinkaa la qaban jiray dabbaal-deyo waaweyn
Waqti la xuso awoowayaashii
Dr Craig Smith waa bare sare oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda University of Melbourne, machadkeeda Asia Institute, isla markaana dhiga turjumaadda luqadda Shiinaha.
Waxaa uu dhowr sannadood kusoo noolaa waddamada Taiwan iyo Kuuriyada Koonfureed, halkaas oo ay kasoo raacday xasuus oo ah sidii waddamadaas loogaga dabbaal degi jirey Luna Year-ka.
Dr Smith waxa uu sheegay in South Korea - waa Kuuriyada Koonfureede, ay maalinka sannadka cusub ee Luna Year-ku, ka tahay, maalin ay xasuustan oo xusaan awoowayaashoodii.
"Maalintaas, buu yidhi, qof kastaa wuxuu awoowayaashiisii dhintay u diyaariyaa cunto oo uu xasuustaa, isla makraana uu cabbitaan siiyaa"
Source: Getty Images/Nigel Killeen
Sooyaalkii kumanyaal sannadood
Dr Smith waxa uu sheegay in ay jiraan waxyaabo badan oo ka mid ah dabaaldegyada soo jireenka ah ee sanadka cusub ee Luna Year-ka, oo ka kala yimid waddammo kale oo aan Shiinaha ahayn.
Tusaale ahaan, Libaax cayaaraya qoob-ka-cayaar oo soojireen ahaan loo soo bandhigo inta ay socdaan dabbaadegyada Luna Year-ku..
“Markay aqoonyahannadu eegayaan dhaqankan qoob-ka-ciyaarka libaaxa, waxay runtii dib u dheehanayaan kumanaan sannadood ka hor, waxaananu hore u ogeyn in dhaqamo badan, sida diimo, muusig iyo farshaxan ay ka soo galeen Shiinaha dhinaca waxa aynu hadda ugu yeerno waddamada Galbeedka ama Bartamaha Asia.. Gaar ahaan kuwa ku taxan jiidda caanka ah ee la yidhaahdo 'Silk Road' ayuu yidhi Dr Smith.
"Waxay u badan tahay in dhaqankani uu kasoo jeedo meelo ka baxsan waddanka Shiinaha. Dad badan ayaa la xidhiidhiyey, dhaqanka Pershiyaanka iyaga oo ku saleeyey lafo-gur lagu sameeyey dhaqan yo luqad"
Muddada u dhexaysa bilowga Luna Yearka ee Febraayoda Sannadkan 2022 illaa Jannaayo 2023ka waxaa la yidhaahdaa the Year of the Tigar oo macneheedu yahay sannadkii Shabeelka.
A stall seen selling Chinese New Year products during the Georges River Lunar New Year Festival in Sydney on January 18, 2020. Source: AAP Image/Jeremy Ng
Shiinuhu waxay kale oo sannadaha ugu magac daraan magacyo xayawaan. Muddoo 12 sannadood ay ayay 12kaa magac ee xayawaanada, sannadkiiba mid ugu magac daraan.
Xayawaanka ay sannadaha ugu magac daraann, iyagoo u yaalla siday u kala horreeyanna waa sidan:
Sannadka Jiirka ama Doolliga, Sannadka Dibiga, Sannadka Shabeelka, Sannadka Dragon-ka, Sannadka Maska, Sannadka Faraska, Sannadka Ri'da, Sannadka Daanyeerka, Sannadka Diiqa Labka ah, Sannadka Eyga, iyo Sannadka Doofaarka.
Sannadkan ku beegan 2022 ee aynyu hadda ku jirnaana waa kii Shabeelka. Shabeelku wuxuu u taagan yahay, awood iyo xoog iyo in wax walba la xakameeyo oo si hufan loo dhammays tiro - Waana isbeddelka adduunka looga baahan yahay, bay tihdi, xilligan lala daalaa-dhacayo safmarkeenka COVID-19.
