Garma Festival waa kulan-dhaqameedka ugu weyn ee Australia ee dadka dhulka loogu yimid. Kumannaan dad ah ayaa sannadikiiba mar u socdaala tuulo fog oo la yiraahdo Nhulunboy oo ku taalla gobolka Northeast Arnhem Land ee Northern Territory. Halkan ka baro waxa halkaa ka dhaca iyo cidda ka soo qayb gasha.
Key Points
- Garma waa kulan-dhaqameedka ugu ballaaran Australia ee dadk Indigenous-ka
- Bandhiga waxaa sannad kasta la qabtaa bisha August, waxaana mart-geliya Yothu Yindi foundation
- Bandhigu wuxuu kulmiyaa siyaasiyiinta sare ee Australia, mas’uuliyiin sare iyo u-doodayaal, wuxuuna isku xiriiriyaa xaflado-dhaqameedka iyo dhaq-dhaqaaqa siyaasadeed.
Kelmedaha dadka Indigenous-ka ee warbixintan ku jira:
- Yolŋu: Means ‘person' in Yolŋu Matha, refers to a group of clans who live in the towns and surrounding areas of northeast Arnhem Land.
- Yolŋu Matha: Refers to the languages spoken by Yolŋu.
- Garma: Means two-way learning process in Yolŋu Matha.
- Arnhem Land: Located in the Top End of the Northern Territory approximately 500 kilometres east of Darwin.
- Nhulunbuy: The largest town in East Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, approximately 1,000km east of Darwin.
- Gulkula: A traditional meeting place.
- Ganbulapula: An ancestor who is believed to have brought the Yidaki to the Yolŋu.
- Yidaki (also known as didgeridoo): an Aboriginal wind instrument.
- Miny’tji: Sacred paintings.
- Manikay: Ancestral songs.
- Bunggul: Traditional ceremonial dances.
- Bilma: Clapsticks.
Digniin: Dadka Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander waxaa lagula talinayaa in warbixintan ay ku jiraan magacyo dad Indigenous ah oo geeriyoodey.
Sannad kasta kumannaan qof ayaa u safra deegaan fog oo ku yaalla waqooyi-bariga Arnhem Land ee gobolka Northern Territory. Waxaanna loo aadaa bandhig sannadle ah oo la yiraahdo Garma Festival oo qaban-qaabiyaan urur la yiraahdo Yothu Yindi Foundation.
Ururku wuxuu casuumaa hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda Australia, sida ra'iisul wasaaraha iyo hoggaamiyaha mucaaradka, si ay u dhegaystaan ugana qayb qaataan doodaha ay hoggaaminayaan bulshooyinka First Nations, oo ah dadka asaliga ah ee Australia.
Waxa kale oo yimaada cilmi-baarayaal, macallimiin, u-doodayaal, fannaaniin iyo ururro bulshada u shaqeeya.
Laakiin dadkaasi uma socdaan shir caadi ah ama bandhig faneed.
Waxay u socdaan Garma Festival — oo ah isu-imaatinka dhaqanka ee ugu weyn dadka asaliga ah ee Australia.
John-Paul Janke (i), oo ah tifaftiraha arrimaha dadka asaliga ah ee SBS, isla markaana ah daadihiyaha barnaamijka The Point ee NITV, ayaa sharxaya sida ay Garma ku bilaabantay iyo ujeeddadeeda.
"Ereyga Garma, oo afka Yolŋu Matha macnaheedu ku yahay 'waxbarasho iyo isbarasho laba dhinac ah', waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1999-kii. Waxaa aas-aasay walaalihii geeriyooday ee Yunupingu iyo Dr M Yunupingu oo hormuud u ahaa kooxda Yothu Yindi. Ujeeddadu waxay ahayd in la yareeyo kala fogaanshaha dhaqamada kala duwan, isla markaana la xoojiyo bulshada asaliga ah iyadoo loo adeegsanayo wada-hadal iyo dabaaldegga dhaqanka Yolŋu. Waxaa lagu soo bandhigaa farshaxanka, heesaha, ciyaaraha hidaha iyo dhaqanka, iyo qoob-ka-ciyaarka caanka ah ee loo yaqaan bunggul." ayuu yiri
Magaca Yolŋu wuxuu qeexaa koox qabiillo iyo beelo asali ah isugu jira, oo deggan bariga Arnhem Land iyo deegaannada ku xeeran, waana dakda hoggaaminayey bandhigga Garma Festival tan iyo markii la bilaabay.
Bandhiggu wuxuu qabsoomaa sannad kasta bisha Agoosto, wuxuuna socdaa afar maalmood oo lagu xuso laguna dabaaldego dhaqanka bolshooyink aYolŋu.
Waxaa lagu qabtaa goob lagu magacaabo Gulkula [[GOOL-KAH-LAH]],, oo ah goob dhaqameed ay shan qabiil oo gobokaas ku nooli, muddo qarniyo badan ah ku kulmi jireen. Sidoo kale waa goob cibaado iyo munaasabado dhaqameed, oo muhiim u ah qabiilka Gumatj [[GOOM-ITCH]] .
Dhaqanka Yolŋu wuxuu kaloo sheegayaa in ay goobtani tahay halkii awoowgood oo la oran jirey Ganbulapula [[Gun-buula-buula]], uu dadka Yolŋu ugu keenay qalabka muusigga ee afuufka lagu yeeriyo ee loo yaqaan Yidaki [[YEED-AK_I]],, kaas oo ka mid ah qalabka muusigga dhaqanka ee dadka Aboriginal.
Ilaa maantana, Gulkula [Guul-Kaala] ayaa ah goobta joogtada ah ee lagu qabto Garma Festival.
Bandhigga Garma waxaa loo sameeyey in lagu ilaaliyo laguna gudbiyo aqoonta iyo dhaqanka reer Yolŋu. Sidoo kale waa fursad, ay dadka ka kala yimid dhaqammo iyo bulshooyin kala duwani wax iskaga bartaan.
Garma waxay leedahay qiime gaar ah, marka loo eego goobta lagu qabto, iyo weliba dadka kala duwan ee sannad kasta isugu yimaadda. Boqollaal sano ayay ahayd, meel lagu yeesho wada-hadal iskaashi, iyo dood siyaasadeed. Sidaas darteed Garma, meel kale oo la mid ah adduunka lagama helo. Waxay isu keentaa ganacsatada, siyaasiyiinta iyo hoggaamiyeyaasha First Nations, si ay ugu kulmaan dhulkooda ay hiddaha u leeyihiin oo ay uga wada hadlaan arrimo faa'iido u leh dadka asaliga ah iyo dhammaan dadka Australia.
Dad badannoo kalena waxay u tahay fursaddoodii ugu horreysey ay waqti kusoo qaataan isla markaana ay si toos ah wax uga soo bartaan dadka dhaqanka ilaaliya .
SBS ayaa haweeyneydan la yiraahdo Aunty Deidre Martin, mar hore la hadashay, waxayna ka warramaysay xidhiidhka qotada dheer ee dadka First Nations la leeyihiin dhulkooda:
"Anigu dadka kale ma meteli karo, laakiin sida aan anigu u arko, dhulkan annagu ma lihin. Doorkayagu waa inaan ilaalinno uun. Waa dhulkeenna; isaga ayaa na siiya cunto, biyo iyo hoy, iyo waxyaabo kale oo badan. Dad badani waxay uun yaqaannaan “dhul”, laakiin annaga dhiiggayaguu dhex maraa. Waa meesha neeftayadii ugu horraysay ka bilaabatay, neeftayada ugu dambaysana ku dhammaan doonto." ayay tiri Aunty Deidre Martin.
Laakiin waxaa muhiim ah in la fahmo in Garma aanay ahayn oo keliya bandhig dhaqameed.
Waa meel ammaan ah oo ay hoggaamiyeyaasha First Nations doodaha waaweyn ee dalka, ku hagaan awoodda iyo aqoonta dhaqankooda.
Taasi waxay qayb ka tahay waxa loo yaqaan is-maamulid (self-determination), oo ah in bulshooyinka asaliga ahi ay iyagu go'aansadaan arrimaha khuseeya maamulkooda, horumarkooda iyo mustaqbalkooda.
Maaddaama ay yimaadaan madax siyaasiyiin ah oo caan ahina, dad badani waxay u haystaan in Garma lagu galo martiqaad gaar ah oo keliya. Laakiin madaxa fulinta ee Yothu Yindi Foundation, Denise Bowden, ayaa sheegtay in Garma ay qof kasta u furan tahay.
"Bandhigga waxaa lagu maalgeliyaa taageerada kafaala-qaadayaasha iyo lacagta laga helo iibka tikidhada, laakiin dakhliga tikidhada laga helo dib ayaa loogu maalgeliyaa bulshada gobolka. Taasina waxay noo suurtogelisaa inaan mushahar siino fannaaniinta iyo dadka qaybaha kala duwan ee bandhigga ka shaqeeya. Faahfaahinta ka qaybgalka waxaa sannad kasta la soo geliyaa boggayaga internetka qiyaastii bisha Febraayo. Qof kastaana wuu geli karaa oo ka iibsan karaa tikidh. Sidaas bayu fududahay."]] ayay tiri
Waxaa kale oo ka qayb gala bandhigga siyaasiyiin, madax ganacsi, cilmi-baarayaal, macallimiin iyo ururro bulshada u shaqeeya. Sidaas darteed Garma waxay noqotaa meel lagu falanqeeyo fikrado cusub, iskaashi iyo siyaasado.
Halkaas ayay ka hirgashaa fikradda Yolŋu ee "waxbarasho laba dhinac ah", ee ah in qof kastaa uu leeyahay aqoon uu dadka kale la wadaagi karo, isla markaana uu isagu wax cusub ka baran karo.
Sababtaas awgeed ayaa dadka uga yimaadaan dhammaan gobollada Australia iyo dalal kale oo adduunka ah.
In Garma lagu qabto dhulka Yolŋu waa arrin muhiim ah, maadaama dadka booqanayaa ay dhaqanka Yolŋu ku baranayaan halkii aqoontaas lagu soo gudbin jirey kumannaan sano.
Bandhiggu wuxuu sidoo kale dadka siinayaa fursad ay si dhow ugu bartaan mid ka mid ah dhaqamada ugu faca weyn ee weli dunida ka jira.
Waa kan John-Paul Janke:
"Qof kastaa isaga ayaa dooran kara waxa uu Garma ka faa'iidaysanayo. Waxaad ka qayb geli kartaa barnaamijyada cilmiga xiddigiska. Waxaad tegi kartaa madasha doodaha waaweyn ee siyaasadda. Waxaad habeenkii oo dhan ku raaxaysan kartaa bandhigyada muusigga. Ama waxaad tegi kartaa qaybta haweenka, halkaas oo haweenka waayeelka ahi ay ku wadaagayaan aqoon dhaqameed qoto dheer, oo jiilka cusub loo gudbinayo si aanay weligeed u lumin." ayuu yiri
Sidaas darteed, Garma ma aha oo keliya dabaaldeg dhaqan.
Waa meel ay dadku isugu yimaadaan si ay isu dhegaystaan, wax isu baraan, xiriirro u dhistaan, una fahmaan dhaqanka dadka asaliga ah ee Australia.
Waana sababta sannad kasta hoggaamiyeyaal ka kala yimaadda daafaha Australia ay ugu safraan deegaankan fog ee waqooyi-bari Arnhem Land.
Qaybtii Australia Explained ee toddobaadkan ku saabsanayd macnaha, mudnaanta iyo miisaanka uu bandhiga Garma Festival leehay, intaasay ku dhantahay. Waxana inoo soo qortay Alyssa Chandler oo SBS ka tirsan.
Fadlan la soco oo kusoo biir taxanaha Australia Explained, si ay kaaga caawiso degitaanka dalkaaga cusub.
Su'aal ma noo qabtaa, fekerse ma nagu soo biirinaysaa? Fadlan noogu soo dir: Email australiaexplained@sbs.com.au
