Australia Explained: Sida guryaha bulshada ee Australia (Public Housing) u shaqeeyaan, sidee lagu helaa?

Dalka Australia, waxaa jira guryo kiro ah oo ay dawladdu kabto, kuwaas oo loogu talagalay qoysaska u qalma ee dakhligoodu hooseeyo. Qiimeynta dadka guryahaas la siinayo ayaa ku xiran baahida qofka, iyadoo shuruuduhuna ay ku kala duwan yihiin hadba gobolka ama taritariya-ka aad ku nooshahay. Warbixintan waxaan ku eegi doonnaa waxyaabaha aad filan karto marka aad codsanayso noocyada kala duwan ee guryaha bulshada ama kuwa la kabo.

There is a diversity of residents in social housing just as in other forms of housing. Source: Getty / Yanzisland

Key Points

• Demand outweighs supply for social housing across Australia.
• Every state or territory has its own register for social housing applications.
• Anyone can find themselves under rental stress, experts say.
• Affordable housing refers to subsidised rent programs that sit between the social housing system and the private market.

Australia gudeheeda, dowladdu waxay taageero siisaa, dadka ku dhibtooda helidda ama sii deggenaanta guri la awoodi karo kiradiisa.

Taageeradaana waxaa lagu bixiyaa nidaamka la yiraahdo (social housing) guryaha bulshada.

Gobol kasta wuxuu leeyahay xeerar iyo shuruudo u gaar ah oo lagu heli karo guryaha muddada dheer la kiraysto.

Laakiin marka hore aan fahanno waxa loola jeedo guryaha bulshada:

Dr Michael Fotheringham [foderingham] oo ah Agaasimaha Fulinta ee Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute, ayaa inoo sharraxaya:

“Erayo badan ayaa arrintan lagu isticmaalaa. Marka la leeyahay guryaha bulshada ama social housing, waxaa ku jira laba nooc: guryaha dadweynaha, oo ay dowladuhu leeyihiin oo maamulaan, iyo guryaha bulshada, oo ay maamulaan ururo aan faa’iido doon ahayn oo dowladda la shaqeeya.”]] ayuu yiri r Michael Fotheringham]]

Ma uu jiro hal hab oo Australia oo dhan isku mid ka ah, oo loo raaco codsidga guryaha dadweyanuhu.

Si aad u codsato guryaha daweyanaha, waa inaad qaybta guryaha ee deegaankaaga ka buuxisaa ama ka xeraysaa waraaqaha iyo macluumaadka loo baahan yahay oo dhammays tiran, taas oo ah sida baahidaada iyo xaaladdaada gaarka loo qiimeeyo.

“Kirada guryahan badanaa waxaa lagu saleeyaa dakhliga qoyska, waxayna inta badan noqotaa qiyaastii 30 boqolkiiba dakhliga qoyska. Dadka dakhliga hooseeya, dadka nugul, dadka ka baxsanaya tacaddiyada qoyska, ama dadka naafada ah, ayaa inta badan mudnaanta la siiyaa. Laakiin shuruudaha iyo sida mudnaanta loo kala siiyaa, way ku kala duwan yihiin gobol kasta.”]] ayuu iri

Kala duwanaanshahan awgii, waa muhiim inaad la xiriirto ha’yadda guryaha ee deegaankaaga, si aad u hubiso shuruudaha guryaha ee gobolka aad ku nooshahay.

Dr Fotheringham wuxuu sheegayaa in qaar ka mid ah dadku, ay si khaldan u aaminsan yihiin, in dadka Australia debeddeeda ku dhashay, aysan u qalmin guryaha bulshada.

Taasina sax ma aha. Laakiin sidoo kale ma aha, imaadaama qof soo galooti yahay oo uu dalka debedda kasoo galay, in uu toos u helayo guri.

Rent in social housing accommodation is set based on household income and capped at around 30 per cent of household income. Source: Getty / Matt Grehan

Fikradda khaldan ee ugu badan ee laga qabo guryaha bulshadu waa sida loo sifeeyo ama loo sawiro dadka degan, sida ay qabto Dr Stefani] Stefanie Plage [[ [[PLAH-guh]]. .

Dr Plage waa cilmi-baare ka tirsan University of Queensland School of Social Science, waxayna daraasad ku samaysaa xiriirka ka dhexeeya guryaha iyo caafimaadka.

“Dadku mararka qaar waxay u maleynayaan in dadka ku nool guryaha bulshadu ay dhammaantood yihiin dad aad u nugul ama dhibaatooyin qaba. Waana arrin aan fiicnayn. Dhab ahaantii dadka deggan guryahaasi waa dad u kala duwan, sida bulshada inteeda kale.”]] ayay tiri.

Dr Plage waxay sheegtay in sababta ugu weyn ee ay dadka ugu baahdaan guryaha bulshadu, ay tahay qiimaha kirada ee guryaha gaar loo leeyahay oo aad u sareeya.

[[Dad badan oo waligood horey dhibaato ugu qabin helitaanka guri ay degaan ama kirystaan, ayaa hadda ogaanaya in arrintani qof walba ku dhici karto. Waxaan inta badan la kulmaa laba nooc oo dad ah: Qaar hore u soo maray dhibaato dhaqaale oo muddo dheer ah, iyo qaar hadda uun kulaylka dareemay. Laakiin hal shay ayay ka siman yihiin: Ma ay awoodaa kirada guryahay gaarka loo leeyahay ee aad qaali u noqotay. Marka aad gurigii 40aad oo kiro ah soo eegto, oo aad aragto dad badan oo kula tartamay waxay kugu riddaa niyad jab iyo quus. ]] ayay tri

Waxaa kale oo jira wax loo yaqaan Affordable Housing – oo macneheedu yahay guryo la awoodi karo kiradooda, oo mararka qaar lagu khaldo guryaha bulshada ama (social housing)ka.

Laakiin way kala duwan yihiin: Affordable housing, heerka raqiisinta kiradu wuu ka hooseeyaa kuwa social housing-ka, gobolladuna way ku kala duwan yihiin.

Simon Newport oo ah Agaasimaha Fulinta ee Homes Victoria ayaa sharraxaya farqiga u dhexeeya:

[[Marka aan ka hadlayno affordable housing, waxaan ka hadlaynaa guryo kiro oo la awoodi karo heerka kiradooda. Waxaabana lagu tilmaami karaa midda ka maqan qaybta dhexe ee nidaamka guryaha. Bilowga nidaamka guryahu waa adeegyada caawiya dadka hoy la’aanta ah. Waxaa ku xigaa guryaha bulshada sida guryaha dowladda iyo kuwa ururrada bulshada. Intaas ka dib waxaa jira affordable housing, kuwaas oo dhaca meel u dhexaysa guryaha bulshada iyo kuwa gaarka loo leeyahay ee kirada ah. Badanaa guryahan waxaa loogu talagalay dadka dakhligoodu hooseeyo ama dhexdhexaad yahay.”]] ayuu yiri

People won't be eligible just on the basis of having migrated here.

Dr Michael Fotheringham

Kirada guryaha affordable housing-ku badanaa ay ka hooseysaa kirada guryahay gaarka loo leeyahay.

“Badanaa guryaha affordable housing, kiradoodu waa ugu badnaan 75% kirada suuqa, ama 25% ka jaban kirada caadiga ah ee suuqa. Farqiga kale ee weyni, waa inaanay guryahani ku xidhnayan liisk sugitaanka ee guryaha dowladda. Inta badan waxaa maamula ururrada guryaha bulshada (community housing providers), sidaas darteed, ururradaas baa si toos ah looga dalban karaa. Waxaanu sidoo kale leenahay barnaamij gaar ah oo ay maamusho Homes Victoria, waxaana laga dalban karaa boggayaga internetka. Laakiin guud ahaan, urur kasta wuxuu leeyahay, hab u gaar ah oo lagu dalbado, taasoo ku xiran nooca dadka ay caawiyaan.”]] ayuu yiri

Waxaa muhiim ah inaad la xiriirto hay’adaha guryaha ee gobolkaaga si aad u ogaato barnaamijyada affordable housing ee ka jira.

Xogtii ugu dambeysay waxay muujineysaa inay Australia ay leedahay ku dhowaad 452 kun oo guri bulsho.

Qiyaastii afartii guri ee social housing ahba, saddex ka mid ahi, waxay ku yaalliin magaalooyinka waaweyn.

Laakiin khubaradu waxay sheegayaan in baahida jirtaa ay ka badan tahay guryaha la heli karo.

“Runtii baahi weyn oo guryo ah ayaa ka jirta gobollada dalka, gaar ahaan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee gobollada. Maanta, gobollada dalka badankoodu waxay isku dayayaan inay kordhiyaan tirada guryaha, kamana hadlayno oo keliya magaalo-nmadaxyada. Hadda dalka waxaa ku yaal qiyaastii 11 milyan oo guri, laakiin qiyaastii 4% kaliya ayaa ah guryaha bulshada. Taasi waxay ka dhigan tahay, in dadka u baahan guryaha bulshadu, ay ka badan yihiin guryaha la heli karo. Sidoo kale waxay la macno tahay, in ay waqti qaadan karto in la hubiyo qofka xaqa u leh, iyo helitaanka guri ku habboon.”]] ayuu yiri

Low to moderate income households who are not eligible for social housing may qualify for affordable housing. Credit: tap10/Getty Images

Three in four public housing dwellings in Australia are in major cities. Source: Getty / Andrew Merry

Haddaba haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad codsato guri, meesha ugu habboon ee laga bilaabaa waa hay’adda guryaha ee gobolkaaga.

“Guryaha dadweynaha iyo guryaha bulshadu waa labo qaybood oo ka tirsan nidaam isku mid ah. Ma tartamaan. Waxay u wada shaqeeyaan si dadka loo caawiyo. Muhiimaddu waa in la ogaado in aanu qofku ku koobnayn, hal meel keliya, ee uu heli karo meelo kala duwan oo uu ka codsan karo guri”]] ayuu yiri

Fahamka sida nidaamka guryahu u shaqeeyo wuxuu dadka ka caawin karaa inay helaan taageerada ay u baahan yihiin.

Guryaha dadweynaha, guryaha bulshada, iyo kuwa affordable housing, dhammaantood waa qaybo hoos yimaadda nidaamka guryaha ee Australia (Social housing0 la isku yiraahdo.

Inkasta oo shuruudaha iyo helitaank guryuhu, ay ku kala duwan yihiin gobollada, hay’adda guryaha ee deegaankaaga ayaa ah meesha ugu fiican ee laga bilaabo haddii aad u baahan tahay macluumaad ama caawimaad.

Hay'adaha affordable housing halkan ayaad k heli kartaa: Community Housing Provider Register.

Fadlan kusoo biir oo la soco Australia Explained si aad uga hesho macluumaad kaa caawiya degitaanka iyo ku xasil-kaaga Australia.

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