During the 39th over of the Sri Lanka innings, Anderson first complained when the umpire warned him for running on the wicket, and then threw the ball in resentment.
His behaviour amounted to a violation of Article 2.8 of the ICC Code of Conduct for Players and Player Support Personnel, the governing body said.
"After the match, Anderson admitted the offence and accepted the sanction proposed by match referee Andy Pycroft," it added after slapping Anderson with his second demerit point.
Four demerit points within a two-year period incurs a one-test ban.
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(Reporting by Amlan Chakraborty in New Delhi; Editing by John O'Brien)
