"I'm so happy, I thank God for making me the winner today and... (breaking) the world record," Jepkosgei told Czech Television.
The current women's 10,000m world record is 29:17.45, a record which Ethiopia's Almaz Ayana set at the 2016 Rio Olympics.
Track and road racing records are kept separately by the IAAF, the world’s governing body.
Jepkosgei has now broken five records this year, having set new marks for the 10km, 15km, 20km and half-marathon at the Sportisimo Prague Half Marathon on April 1.
(Reporting by Neil Robinson, editing by Gene Cherry)