The Boomers completed their group play in Kayseri with a comfortable 76-55 win over Angola to finish behind Argentina and Serbia with a 3-2 record.
They now fly to Istanbul for a date with the Slovenians on Sunday (0100 Monday AEST), with the Europeans impressively finishing second behind the United States in Group A.
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At the 2006 world championships and 2008 Olympic Games Australia finished fourth in their group and were easily swept aside by the Americans on both occasions in the first elimination round, so it makes a nice change for a different opponent to lie in wait.
"It feels pretty good actually, but that being said we still have a tough opponent coming up," Mark Worthington, a veteran of all three campaigns, told AAP.
"We have confidence knowing we've beaten them without Aleks Maric, hopefully we get the big fella Dave Andersen back and we'll definitely take it up to them and hopefully get past that first knock-out round."
Andersen sat out the game against Angola with a stomach problem, with Patty Mills again leading the way with 11 points, although every Boomer got on the scoresheet in a well-rounded performance.
The Angolans, who were coming off an overtime win against Germany that gave them fourth place and a date with the US, led at quarter-time 18-15 over the Boomers.
But the Australians produced a superb 18-3 run during the second term to break the game open and outscored Angola 61-37 over the final three quarters.
"We came into this game very nervous," Boomers coach Brett Brown said.
"We came in with a lot of respect for their firepower and ability to put points on the board.
"We're not an athletic team, we're a physical team and we tried to crank the defence up.
"Angola was very, very good at the start of the game but the two middle periods set the tone for the game."
Angolan coach Luis Magalhaes conceded the Australians were too strong for his side.
"It was a very tough game. Australia has a great team, a very physical team," he said.
"We had a lot of difficulties trying to restrain them after the first 15 minutes."
Australia and Slovenia met twice just over four weeks ago at the Stankovic Cup in China, with the Boomers winning the opening fixture 77-63 before Slovenia prevailed in the final 71-60.
Slovenia qualified for Turkey after losing the bronze medal game at the European championships to Greece by one point and they have accounted for Brazil, Croatia and Tunisia in the group stages.
Their only loss to date came against the US, while they were due to face lowly Iran later on Thursday.
