Cameroonian troops killed 39 Boko Haram fighters in clashes with the Islamists, who were carrying out three raids on Cameroon's territory.
Friday's fighting in the far north of Cameroon near Nigeria also claimed four civilian lives, the defence ministry says.
Boko Haram rebels, who have been waging attacks in northern Nigeria and who kidnapped more than 200 school girls there in April, frequently cross into neighbouring Cameroon.
Their latest attack targeted the village of Glawi, "killing four Nigerian refugees and wounding one Cameroonian, before being pushed back by defence forces which pursued them until the borders," the ministry said, adding that a dozen militants were killed by troops.
Another two groups of Boko Haram Islamists entered Cameroon at around the same time, but were "immediately intercepted and neutralised by our defence forces who destroyed three 4x4 vehicles equipped with machine guns, killing 27 assailants," said the ministry statement.
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The toll issued by the ministry has not been confirmed by independent sources. There was also no details on any casualties suffered by the army.
The Cameroonian army regularly issues updates on the number of Boko Haram fighters it has killed.
Last week, it said it killed 107 Islamists during fighting that also saw eight Cameroonian soldiers lose their lives.
President Paul Biya has vowed to "totally wipe out" the Islamist group, after 27 Chinese and Cameroonian hostages kidnapped in May and July on Cameroon's territory by suspected Boko Haram Islamists were released.
Cameroon shares a border of more than 2000 kilometres with Nigeria, where Boko Haram has been waging a bloody insurgency since 2009 in which 10,000 people have died.
