While Valtteri Bottas claimed a dominant win for Mercedes and his team mate Lewis Hamilton held off Red Bull's Max Verstappen for second, Ferrari's drivers were left scrambling for minor points in a sobering start for the Scuderia.
Ferrari had been the quickest car at winter testing, just edging champions Mercedes, but Barcelona must have felt a distant memory as Sebastian Vettel and Charles Leclerc crossed fourth and fifth, nearly a minute behind Bottas.
Vettel sounded alarm bells after Friday practice when he said he felt strangely uncomfortable with the car.
But the German would have hoped for better after qualifying third on Saturday.
Instead, it took an order from the team garage just to preserve his fourth placing, with new boy Leclerc warned off from overtaking the four-times champion in the final laps.
Called in to pit early to change soft tyres for mediums, Vettel lost pace late on and said the strategy was wrong.
"By the looks of it, of course we did (pit too early) because I was struggling with the tyres, so we need to have a good look," he said.
But strategy could not explain why the car was sluggish at corners and had handled so poorly.
"But I think even ignoring the lap that we pitted, it looked like other people had way less problems so I’m not quite sure what was the issue," he said.
Team principal Mattia Binotto said the performance was not what Ferrari were expecting.
"I think winter testing we were certainly different," he told reporters.
"Since Friday, FP1, we never found the right balance on the car and we struggled with the car. We tried different set-up approaches during the weekend but I have to say that we never concluded with the right balance."
Runnersup to Mercedes in the last two championships, hopes were high that Ferrari, under new management, had produced a car that could finally knock the Silver Arrows off their perch.
Instead they will head to the next stop in Bahrain trying to stop old doubts resurfacing.
"One thing we are certain is that today, this weekend, is not the real potential of the car," said Binotto.
"We are pretty sure that the potential is certainly bigger. And we have not been able to exploit it through the weekend."
(Editing by Amlan Chakraborty)
