France has honoured the victims of 2015 Islamist militant attacks with a thinly attended silent ceremony held almost a year to the day after more than a million people marched in Paris to protest killings at the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo.
President Francois Hollande and Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo on Sunday laid a wreath by the statue of Marianne, symbol of the French republic, in central Paris.
The statue has become a shrine to the 17 victims of the January 2015 attacks on Charlie Hebdo and a Jewish deli, and to the 130 people shot dead by militants on November 13 at a concert, and in bars and restaurants in Paris.
"To the victims of the terrorist attacks in January and November ... In this place, the people of France pay their respect," read a metal plaque unveiled by Hollande and Hidalgo under a newly planted memorial oak tree on Place de la Republique in eastern Paris.
Neither Hollande or Hidalgo spoke at the ceremony, but veteran French rock star Johnny Hallyday, accompanied only by a guitar, sang a song about the march on January 11 last year, which brought out the biggest crowds in Paris since the liberation of Paris from Nazi Germany in 1944.
The French army choir sang late Belgian singer Jacques Brel's Les Prenoms de Paris (the First Names of Paris) and Le temps des cerises, a song associated with the socialist Paris commune movement in 1871, while two young actors read a speech by 19th century writer Victor Hugo.
The huge square in eastern Paris, the focal point of the January 2015 march attended by dozens of world leaders walking arm in arm, was relatively empty during the ceremony.
Hidalgo invited Parisians to come to the square with candles from 5pm Paris time and said the Marianne statue - covered with flowers, candles and pictures of the victims - will be permanently lit from now on.
"Paris is scarred, but we are still standing," she told French television after the ceremony.
Hollande, who stood stony-faced through the ceremony, later met with the families of the victims on the square.
Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve said security forces remain on high alert as there is a real threat of more attacks.
"We are facing an extremely high level of threat, higher than it has ever been," Cazeneuve said on iTELE television.
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