The latest Newspoll, published in The Australian newspaper on Tuesday, shows the Greens have jumped six points in six weeks to score 16 per cent support.
They usually poll around 10 per cent of the primary vote; they were at 12 per cent in the last poll.
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The Greens' gain was Labor and the Liberals' loss.
Both parties lost two points, taking Labor down to 35 per cent of the primary vote and the Liberals to 41.
Support for Abbott, Rudd down
A total of 36 per cent of those polled said they were satisfied with Mr Rudd's performance, down from 39 per cent in the last Newspoll.
Mr Abbott's satisfaction rating fell from 42 per cent to 37 per cent.
Mr Rudd still holds the lead as preferred prime minister, with 49 per cent of poll approval.
Mr Abbott polled 33 per cent as preferred prime minister with 18 per cent of those polled uncommitted.
Labor is hanging on to government with a razor-thin majority on the all-important two-party preferred vote. The ALP leads the coalition 51 to 49.
A federal election is expected later this year.
Battle over mining profit tax
The political debate has been dominated in recent weeks by a pitched battle between Labor and the Liberals over the government's proposed tax hike on mining profits.
The poll appears to indicate that neither side is winning over the voters as the issue dominates the airwaves.
Meanwhile the poll found public opinion is running against the new resources super profits tax.
A total of 41 per cent of those asked said they were "totally against" it while 36 per cent said they were "total in favour".
A total of 25 per cent said they were "strongly against" and 19 per cent "strongly in favour".
