More than 3770 migrants and refugees have died in 2015 trying to reach Europe by crossing the Mediterranean Sea, making the year the deadliest on record for those seeking sanctuary from conflict and poverty, an international migration group says.
Most of those deaths occurred along a perilous central Mediterranean route used by smugglers operating out of Libya, according to the International Organization for Migration on Thursday.
The deadliest month was April, when nearly 1250 migrants died, some 800 of whom were on board an overcrowded ship that capsized off the Libyan coast, the IOM said. Only 28 people on board survived and were taken to Italy, it said.
Worldwide an estimated 5350 migrants died in 2015, according to the Geneva-based IOM. The tally in 2014 was 5017 deaths, it said.
The estimate of more than 3770 deaths in 2015 in the Mediterranean compared with 3270 deaths recorded in 2014, it said.
The record numbers of people dying in an effort to flee conflict and acute poverty are "shocking and inexcusable", said IOM Director General William Lacy Swing.
"Throughout the year we have been reminded that much of human mobility is not voluntary," he said.
"Tragically we have seen so many who felt they had no option but to leave their beloved homelands and were lost at sea, in the deserts or trapped in the back of lorries they had hoped would carry them to a safer and better life."
Europe is in the midst of its biggest migration crisis since World War II, according to the United Nations.
The number of people forcibly displaced worldwide is likely to have surpassed 60 million this year, mainly driven by the war in Syria and other long-term conflicts, the UN has said.
A photograph of a 3-year-old Syrian boy who drowned trying to reach Greece with his family in September appeared around the world, prompting sympathy and outrage over the refugee crisis.
The IOM Missing Migrants Project uses a range of sources, including media reports and government data, to count deaths of migrants along the world's migratory routes, a spokesman said.
This is the third year it has conducted such a count and, before its calculations, no systematic tally existed, he said.
The IOM said the Mediterranean was the most deadly region for migrants, followed by Southeast Asia, mostly the Bay of Bengal, Andaman Sea, Malaysia and Thailand, where at least 800 people died in 2015, it said.
In Mexico and along the US-Mexico border at least 330 deaths were recorded, it said.
