Ferrari explained on their website that the designation stood for Scuderia Ferrari, followed by the year and a T for turbo.
Last year's disappointing car was the F14T.
The car will be launched officially online on Friday before making its test debut in Jerez, Spain, on Sunday with four times world champion Vettel, moving from Red Bull, teaming up with Finland's Kimi Raikkonen.
The season starts in Australia on March 15.
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(Reporting by Alan Baldwin, editing by Pritha Sarkar)
