Pakistan were eventually dismissed for 171 in 58.4 overs.
Azhar Ali (65), who had earlier stitched together an 82-run partnership with Asad Shafiq (45) to keep Pakistan's hopes of a win alive, was the last batsman to fall when he was trapped in front of the wicket by left-armer Patel who finished with 5-59.
The second test will be played in Dubai from Nov. 24-28 before the teams return to Abu Dhabi for the final test from Dec. 3-7.
(Reporting by Shrivathsa Sridhar in Bengaluru; Editing by Christian Radnedge)
