More than 1000 Russian athletes in 30 Olympic and Paralympic sports benefited from a state-sponsored doping cover-up between 2011 and 2015, an investigation funded by the World Anti-Doping Agency has found.
The conspiracy involves dozens of medallists from the London 2012 Olympics, the 2013 World Athletics Championships in Moscow and the Sochi Winter Olympics in 2014.
Led by Canadian law professor Richard McLaren, the seven-month investigation is a damning indictment of an "institutionalised doping conspiracy and cover-up".
McLaren's final report, which has been published on the WADA website, includes more than 1100 items of evidence.
This treasure trove of emails, forensic reports and laboratory analysis entirely corroborates the key findings of his explosive interim report, which was published in July, three weeks before the start of the Rio Olympics.
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"The key findings of the first report remain unchanged. The forensic testing, which is based on immutable facts, is conclusive," writes McLaren in the executive summary of his final report.
"The evidence does not depend on verbal testimony to draw a conclusion. Rather, it tests the physical evidence and a conclusion is drawn from those results."
