They're diseases that can have a devastating impact - but there is hope for people with Alzheimers, Schizophrenia and Motor Neurone Disease.
Researchers at the University of Wollongong are reprogramming skin cells to discover new treatments for these conditions.
And Lezanne Ooi, from the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute told Peggy Giakoumelos, the therepy could theoretically be used to treat and understand almost any disease.