The 44-year-old, who played for Tottenham Hotspur and Arsenal and won 73 caps for England, faces a tough task at Macclesfield who are bottom of the league, with just two wins from 19 games.
The club, promoted back into the Football League last season, has been without a manager since Mark Yates was sacked on Oct 8 after failing to win any of their first 12 league games.
Campbell, who will be taking up his first management position, has been working with England Under-21s as part of the Football Association's plan which gives black and minority ethnic coaches experience in the national team set up. He also had a short spell as assistant manager of Trinidad and Tobago.
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(Reporting by Simon Evans; Editing by Hugh Lawson)
