The former president of Romania Traian Basescu has joined more than 10,000 people in the Moldovan capital to rally in support of reunification between Romania and Moldova.
Union between European Union member Romania and its smaller neighbour to the northeast looks unlikely but the issue highlights a divide in Moldova between pro-Western and Moscow-backed political factions ahead of elections in November.
The country that is now Moldova was part of Tsarist Russia during the 19th century and known as Bessarabia. After World War One it joined what was known as Greater Romania but it was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940. When the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, it became independent under the name Moldova.
It is now split between a Romanian-speaking majority and the breakaway region Transdniestria, which is propped up by Russia in one of a series of "frozen conflicts" that have kept separatist regions in several former Soviet republics under Moscow's wing.
"We call upon the deputies of the Moldovan and Romanian parliament to vote in the near future for unification," Basescu said on Sunday at the demonstration, which was timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of Moldova joining Greater Romania.
There was no official reaction from the Romanian side.
The demonstration was peaceful though police said they detained 21 people who wanted to disrupt the rally, seizing gas masks, masks and knives.
The Moldovan government, which favours closer ties with the European Union and the US, often locks horns with pro-Russian President Igor Dodon, who wants closer ties to Moscow and to join a Moscow-led customs union.
If his Socialist party wins elections due in 2018, Dodon has previously suggested passing a law that bans unionist organisations seen to be undermining the integrity of the state because they want to join Romania.
Dodon asked those who oppose reunification not to stage a rival rally on Sunday.
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