The U.S. Soccer Federation said that Robinson, who plays for second-tier (Championship) club Wigan Athletic on loan from Premier League side Everton, suffered a "right ankle sprain during Tuesday's training session."
The Milton Keynes born 21-year-old will also miss the national team's following friendly against Italy in Genk, Belgium, on Tuesday and is expected to be sidelined for a month, the federation said.
U.S. interim coach Dave Sarachan will not be bringing in a replacement for Robinson.
(Reporting by Simon Evans; Editing by Christian Radnedge)