Britain says WhatsApp's end-to-end encryption communication services allows paedophiles and organised crime groups to operate beyond the reach of the law.
After four militant attacks in Britain that killed 36 people this year, senior ministers have repeatedly demanded internet companies do more to suppress extremist content and allow access to encrypted communications.
In the face of resistance from the industry, Prime Minister Theresa May - a former interior minister - proposed trying to regulate cyberspace after a deadly attack on London Bridge in June.
Such a sharp public reprimand for WhatsApp, which did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment, indicates frustration within the government.
"We also know that end-to-end encryption services like WhatsApp, are being used by paedophiles," Home Secretary Amber Rudd told party activists in the northern English city of Manchester.
"I do not accept it is right that companies should allow them and other criminals to operate beyond the reach of law enforcement," Rudd said. "We must require the industry to move faster and more aggressively. They have the resources and there must be greater urgency."
WhatsApp, which is owned by Facebook, and similar rival chat services let users communicate with pictures, video and text, using "end-to-end" encryption that can be read only with a key held on the user's device. Without access to the devices, security services cannot read the messages.
Rudd also called on technology giants such as Facebook , Google, Microsoft and Twitter to go further and faster to counter extremist material.
The industry says it wants to help governments remove extremist or criminal material but also has to balance the demands of state security with the freedoms enshrined in democratic societies.
Britain's MI5 security service has said it needs access to encrypted communications to foil attacks. In the United States, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has pushed for full access to encrypted communications and devices but Congress has so far refused.
