Brathwaite was found to have breached article 2.8 of the ICC Code of Conduct -- which relates to showing dissent -- during the match at Old Trafford on Thursday which Virat Kohli's side won by 125 runs to eliminate the Caribbeans.
"The incident occurred in the 42nd over of India's innings, when Brathwaite protested the umpire's decision of declaring a wide off his bowling," the ICC said in a statement.
Brathwaite admitted the offence and accepted the sanction proposed by match referee Chris Broad, which also included the addition of one demerit point to his disciplinary record.
Four or more demerit points within a 24-month period converts into suspension points.
Two suspension points equate to a ban from one test or two short format internationals, whichever comes earlier.
(Reporting by Shrivathsa Sridhar in Bengaluru; Editing by Ken Ferris)
