ሞያ ስራሕ ምትርጓምን ምስትርጓምን፡

Focus on Chinese Dictionary - 梦 Meng (Dream): Australia Explained – Translating and interpreting

Translating and interpreting use completely different skill sets. Source: Moment RF / Adrienne Bresnahan/Getty Images

ነቲ ዘለካ ናይ ብዙሕ ቋንቋታት ክእለትኩም ንኻልኦት ንምሕጋዝ ክትጥቀምሉ ሓሲብኩምሉ'ዶ ትፈልጡ ? እቲ ናይ ምትርጓምን ምስትርጓምን ስራሕ ንዓኻትኩም ክኸውን ይኽእል እዩ ። ኣብ ኣውስትራሊያ ቅድሚ መረጋገጺ ምስክር ምርካብኩም ካብ ናይ TAFE ክሳብ ማስተርስ ዲግሪ ንምርካብ መንገዲ ኣሎ ። ኣብዚ ትሕዝቶ ፡ ብቑዕ ክኢላ ብዓል ሞያ ንምዃን እትኽእለሉ መገዲ ኽንርእይ ኢና ።


ኣብ ኣውስትራሊያ ሓደስቲን ኣብዚ ቅሩብ እዋን ዝመጹ ተዛረብቲ ካልእ ቛንቛታት ናይ ተርጎምቲ ሕጽረት የጋጥሞም ኣሎ ፡ ብፍላይ ጽላት ጥዕና ድማ ክኢላታት ተርጎምቲ ይደልዩ ። እዚ ንAUSLAN (ናይ ኣውስትራሊያ ምልክት ቛንቛ) ከምኡ "ውን ንናይ ደቀባት ኣውስትራሊያ ቛንቛታት ዘካተተ እዩ ።

ብእንግሊዝኛን በቲ ዝጥለብ ዘሎ ቋንቋን ክኢላ እንተ ደኣ ዄንኻ ፡ ናይ ትርጉምን ምስተርጓምን (T & I) መረጋገጺ ኽትረክቡ ሓሲብኩም ትኾኑ ኢኹም ። ቅድሚ ነቲ ስራሕ ምጅማር ግን ክትወስዶም ዝግበኣካ ስጕምትታት ኣለዉ ።

ምትርጓምን ምስቱርጓምን ዝተፈላለየ ሞያ እዩ ። ምትርጓም ንዘረባ ብኡ ንብኡ ናብ ካልእ ቋንቋ ምቕራብ እዩ። ምስትርጓም ክበሃል ከሎ ፡ ኣብ ጽሑፍ ኣብ ዝርከብ ትሕዝቶ ናብ ካልእ ቋንቋ ምትርጓም እዩ ።

ናይ ቛንቋ መምህርን ተርጓምን ኣስተርጓምን ዝኾነ ቲ (Tee) ፡ "ክልቲኦም ብ ላዕሊ ላዕሊ ዝመሳሰሉ ክመስሉ ይኽእሉ እዮም" ።

ኣብቲ ሞያ ዘየለዉ መብዛሕትኡ ግዜ ቃላት ካብ ሓደ ቛንቋ ናብ ካልእ ተሰግር ዘለኻ እዩ ዝመስሎም ። እንታይ እዩ ጌጋ ክኸውን ዝኽእል ? "እንተዀነ ግና ፡ እተፈላለየ ዓይነት ስልቲ ዝሓቱ ምሉእ ብምሉእ እተፈላለዩ እዮም ።
Tee, T&I Practitioner

ንሳ ምስትርጓም ብዛዕባ ሓደ ርእሰ ነገር እንታይ ከም እትፈልጥ ንኸተስተንትን ፡ ካብ እተፈላለየ ዓለም ዝመጹ ሰማዕቲ ካብቲ ጽሑፍ ሕደ ትርጉም ምእንቲ ክረክቡ ፡ ሓሳባትካ ብኸመይ ብዝሓሸ መገዲ ክትገልጽ ከም እትኽእል ድማ ምስራሕ ምዃኑ ትኣምን ። ብኣንጻሩ ግን ፡ ምትርጓም ፡ ንኽትርጐም ዘኽእል ብቕጽበት ዝግበርን ህጹጽን እዩ ።

"ኣብ ቅልጡፍ ክእለት ኢኻ እትውከል ፡ ምርምርካን ምድላውካን ከኣ ክሳዕ ክንደይ ኣድካሚ ክኸውን ይኽእል'ዩ "በለት ።

Presenting a Slide Show
Certified AUSLAN interpreters and translators are in demand. Credit: SolStock/Getty Images

እቲ ናብቲ ሞያ ዝወስድ መገዲ ስሩዕ ትምህርቲ ብምምሃር እዩ ዝጅምር ። ኣብዚ ካኣ ካብ ናይ TAFE መረጋገጺ ምስክር ክሳብ ናይ ማስተርስ ዲግሪ ማዕርግ ዘለዎም ኣማራጺታት ኣለዉኻ ።

እዚ ሓሳብ እዚ ፡ እተመስከረሉ ተርጓሚ ወይ ኣስተርጓሚ ዄንኻ ንኽትዓዪ ፡ ክእለትካ ንምህናጽን ኣብቲ ኣብ NAATI ዝግበር ፈተና ንምድላውን እዩ ። NAATI ሃገራዊ በዓል ስልጣን ምትርጓምን ምስትርጓምን (the National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters), እዩ: ከምቲ ስሙ ዝሕብሮ ድማ ነቲ ሞያ ስርዓታት ዝሰርዕን ዝሕሉን እዩ ።

ቴ ከምትብሎ፡ ኣብ ብዙሓት ትካላት ኣብዚ ስራሕ ቅድሚ ምምዝጋብካ ፡ ናይ NAATI ፍቓድ ክትረክብ ኣለካ ማለት እዩ ።

ስለዚ ፡ እዚ ነዊሕ መስርሕ እዚ ፡ ካብ ሽዱሽተ ወርሒ ኽሳዕ ክልተ ዓመትን መንፈቕን ፡ ኣብ ናይ ምድላው ግዜ ኽወስድ ይኽእል እዩ "በለት ።

ናብ ወግዓዊ ናይ ምትርጓምን ምስትርጓምን (T & I) መስርሕ ንኽትኣቱ ብእንግሊዝኛን ብኻልእ ቛንቛን ብቑዕ ምዃንካ ከተርኢ ኣለካ ።

ብተመሳሳሊ: NAATI ብዛዕባ ናይ ቋንቋኻ ክእለት መርትዖ ይሓተካ እዩ ።

ማሪና ሞርጋን ኣብ TAFE SA ላዕለወይቲ መምህር ኮይና ኣብቲ ኮሌጅ NAATI ዝቕበሎ ኮርሳት የምህር ። NAATI ብኽእለት እንግሊዝኛ 6 ደረጃ ናይ IELTS ፈተና ይሓትት ኣላ ።

"ሰባት ከኣ ኣብ እዋናዊ ጕዳያት ዝዘራረቡ ፡ ህዝቢ ብዛዕባ ዝዀነ ይኹን ጕዳይ ዝዛረበሉ ዝፈልጦ ብዝሒ ቃላትን ስነ ቓላትን ክፈልጥዎ ኣለዎም ።"

Happy girl interpreter in headset write notes study on laptop: Australia Explained – Translating and interpreting
Interpreting is immediate and reactive. Source: Moment RF / Witthaya Prasongsin/Getty Images

ምስ ሸቶታትካ ዝሰማማዑ NAATI ዝቕበሎም፡ ንዩኒቨርሲቲ ከምኡ "ውን ንTAFE ሰርቲፊኬት፡ ዲፕሎማ ፡ ከምኡ" ውን ምስክር ወረቐትን ዘጠቓለለ ፡ ዝውሃብ ብዙሕ ኮርሳት ኣሎ ።

ሚስ ሞርጋን እቲ ዝተሓተ ብቕዓት ፡ መባእታ ናይ ምትርጓም ‘skill set’ ዝበሃል እዩ ። እዚ ከኣ ን12 ሰሙን ዝወሃብ ትምህርቲ ኮይኑ ፣ እዚ ድማ ንፈተና NAATI ንምድላው ዝዓለመ እዩ ።

እዚ ትምህርቲ እዚ ኣብ ብዙሓት ናይ ኣውስትራሊያ ኮሌጃት ዝወሃብ ፤ ሞያዊ ስነ-ምግባር (professional ethics)፤ ኣገባባትን መጽናዕትን ዘካተተ እዩ ።

"እቲ 'The ‘skill set’ ነቶም ብቋንቋታቶም ኣብ ጽቡቕ ደረጃ ዘለዉ ፡ ናይ ምትርጓምን ናይ ምዝርራብን ጽቡቕ ዓቕሚ ዘለዎም ፡ንፈተና NAATI ቅሩባት እዮም "በለት ። "እቲ ሞያ ንዓታቶም ዝኸውን እንተ ኰይኑ ንምርኣይ ፡ ነቲ ''The ‘skill set’ ኺመሃርዎ ዝደልዩ ሰባት እውን ኣለዉ ። "

ዕምቈት ዘለዎ ትምህርቲ ንምውሳድ ፡ ናይ ምትርጓም ዲፕሎማ ፡ ናይ ሓደ ዓመት ፡ ናይ ክፍለ ግዜ ትምህርቲ ምውሳድ ዝከኣል እዩ ። ብኣጻብዕ ዝቑጸራ ኢንስቲቱትን ዩኒቨርሲታትን ፡ ነቲ ዲፕሎማ ፡ እንተላይ ነቲ TAFE SA ብ ኦንላይን ዝወሃብ ትምህርቲ ዘጠቓልል እዩ።

እቲ ናይ ‘skill set’ ኮርስ ኣብ ፍሉይ ቋንቋ ዘተኩር ዘይምዃኑ ኸነስተብህለሉ ይግባእ ። ካልእ ቛንቛታት ምስ ዝዛረቡ ሰባት ኣብ ክፍሊ ትሳተፍ በዚ ድማ ብእንግሊዝኛ ትምህርቲ ይወሃብን ገምጋም ይግበር ።

እቲ ዲፕሎማ ግን ኣብ ነፍሲ ወከፍ ቛንቛ ዝምርኮስ ትምህርቲ እዩ ፤ ስለዚ ተማሃሮ NAATI- ብዝተመስከረሉ ኣስተርጓማይ ብቋንቋኦም ይመሃሩ ።

ብድሕርዚ NAATI ፡ ፈተና ብምሃብ ንብቕዓት ሞራላውን ባህላውን መለክዒታት (ethical and intercultural ) ከም እተማልእ የረጋግጸልካ ።

ነፍሲወከፍ ሰብ ደረጃ ትምህርቱ ብዘየገድስ ናይ NAATI ምርመራ ክፍተን ይግደድ ።

NAATI ብ70 ቛንቋታት ኣቢሉ መርመራታት ከምዝህብ ፖላ ኣፐሪክዮ ትገልጽ ። ንሳ ናይ NAATI መራሒት ጉጅለ ናይ ምስክር ምርመራ እያ ፡ ዝተመስከረላ በዓልቲ ሞያ ድማ እያ ።

"መርመራ ንዘይወሃበሎም ቛንቋታት ፡ Recognised Practising Credential ተባሂሉ ዝፍለጥ ፈተና ኣሎና ። እዚ ፍቓድ እዚ ስሩዕ መርመራ ክገብር ኣይክእልን እዩ ፣ ይኹን እምበር ፡ እቲ ሰብ ስልጠናን ተመክሮን ከም ዘለዎን ንገለ ካብቶም ብቑዓታት ከም ዘማልአን ዘረጋግጽ እዩ "።

ኣብ መባእታ ደረጃ ፡ እተመስከረሉ Certified Provisional Interpreter. ክትከውን ትኽእል ኢኻ ። ድሕሪኡ በዚ ኣቢልካ ናብ ልዑል ደረጃ በዓል ሞያ የብጽሕ ፡ ንኣብነት ኣብ ከም ኮንፈረንሳት ወይ ኣብ ናይ ጥዕና ወይ ናይ ሕጊ ጽላታት ክትሰርሕ ብቑዕ ትኸውን ፡ ።

Female patient communicating with medical worker through sign language at hospital: Australia Explained – Translating and interpreting
You can qualify to work in the health sector. Credit: Maskot/Getty Images

እቲ ፈተና ናይ ሓቂ ስራሕ ኰይኑ ንኺስምዓካ ተባሒሉ ከም እተሃንደሰ ሚስ ኣፐርሪክዮ ትገልጽ ።

"ንኣስተርጓምቲ ፡ ክትጽበዮ እትኽእል ዝርርብ ፡ ኽትርጕሞ ዘሎካ ፡ ኣብ መንጎ ክልተ ተዛረብቲ ክኸውን ይኽእል። ወይ ሓደ ሰነድ ክትርጐም ከሎኻ እትርእዮ ክኸውን ይኽእል እዩ ። ቀልጢፍካ ነቲ ሰነድ ብምዕዛብ እቲ ሰነድ ብኻልእ ቋንቋ እንታይ ከም ዝብል ክትዛረብን ኣለካ ። "

እቶም መርመራታት ልዑል መለክዒ ዘለዎም እዮም ፡ ምሕላፍ ማለት ድማ ሃገራዊ ተቐባልነት ዘለዎ በዓልሞያ ከም ዘሎካ የርኢ ።

ዝተፈላለየ ክእለት ስለ ዝሓቱ ድማ ንምትርጓምን ንምስትርጓምን ዝተፈላለየ መርመራታት እዩ ዝወሃብ።

እቲ ናይ ትርጕም ፈተና ኣንፈት ብንጹር ዘርኢ ምዃኑ ሚስ ኣፐሪክዮ ትገልጽ ።

ካብ እንግሊዝኛ ናብ ቋንቋኻ ክትርጐም እንተደሊኻ ሓደ ፈተና ክትፍተን ኣለካ ፣ ብናተይ ወገን ስፓኛ ። ብኻልእ መገዲ ኽትዓይይ እንተ ደሊኻ ፡ ካብ ስጳንኛ ናብ እንግሊዝኛ ምእንቲ ክትትርጉም ፡ ካልእ መርመራ ክትገብር ኣሎካ ።
Paula Aparicio, NAATI

ናይ ናቲ/NAATI ምስክር ወረቐትኩም ኣብ ሰሰለስተ ዓመት ክሕደስ ኣለዎ ።

እዚ ማለት እቶም ሰብ ሞያ ትርጉም ኣብዚ እዋን ነቲ ስራሕ ይሰርሕዎ ከምዘለዉን ሞያዊ ዕብየት ይገብሩ ምህላዎምን ንNAATI ከመስክሩ ።

"እዚ ከኣ እዩ ነቲ ማሕበረሰብ ናይ NATI ምስክር ወረቐት ሒዞም ዘለዉ ተርጐምትን ኣስተርጐምትን ክኢላታት: ስነ-ምግባራዊ ስርዓታት: ከምኡውን ኣብቲ ሞያ ብንጥፈት ይሰርሑ ምህላዎም ምትእምማን ዘሕድረሎም ። ስለዚ ፡ ነቲ ማሕበረሰብ እንህቦ ውሕስነት ዝዀነና እዩ "በለት ።

ተወሳኺ ሓበሬታ፡

ናይ NAATI website ብዛዓባ ብኸመይ ናብቲ ሞያ ትበቅዕ ዝወስድ መገዲ፡ ክማላእ ዘለዎ ረቛሒታትን ምፍታንን ሓበሬታ ኣለዎ።

ኣስተርጓምቲ ብሓፈሻ ብናይ ወኪል ትካላት ኣቢሎም ናይ ኮንትራት ስራሕ ይሰርሑ እዮም ፡ ስለዚ ብዛዕባ ነዚ ሞያ ንምሓዝ ክትሓስብ ከለኻ ኣየናይ ቋንቋ እዩ ዝያዳ ጠለብ ዘለዎ ኢልካ ምሕታቶም ሓጋዚ እዩ ።

Subscribe to or follow the Australia Explained podcast for more valuable information and tips about settling into your new life in Australia.

Do you have any questions or topic ideas? Email australiaexplained@sbs.com.au

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SBS acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country and their connections and continuous care for the skies, lands and waterways across Australia.

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You're listening to Australia Explained, an SBS audio podcast helping you navigate life in Australia.

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Have you ever considered using your bilingual skills to assist others? A career in translating and interpreting might be for you.

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In Australia you can train for a TAFE certification all the way to master's level before becoming certified and working as a qualified practitioner.

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All the translators and interpreters that hold a NAATI certification, they are skilled, ethical, and also

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are actively working in their profession, so that's the guarantee that we're giving to the community.

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This is Australia Explained. I'm your host Melissa Compagnoni, and today we hear from experts who'll help us navigate the pathway to the translating and interpreting profession.

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Australia's new and emerging languages are facing a shortage of interpreters and translators. The health sector in particular is calling for skilled interpreters. This includes Australian Sign Language or AUSLAN and Australian Indigenous languages. But before securing work in the industry, there are some formal steps you must take. Translating and interpreting, often referred to as T & I, are distinct professions.

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Interpreting involves spoken language delivered in real time while translation focuses on written text. Each requires completely different skill sets and strategies. Tee, a language and T&I instructor, says they are learnt in different ways. She describes translation as reflective, while interpreting is more reactive.

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Translation allows you to stop and reflect on what

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you know and what you don't know about a particular topic, and it also lets you workshop how best to express ideas in different languages, so that audiences from different worlds would receive the same understanding from the text you produce. Meanwhile, learning interpreting has an on the spot urgency to it. You rely on your immediate agility and how exhaustive your research and preparation have been.

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In Australia, there's a structured pathway to becoming a qualified T&I practitioner. The first step is formal study. Here you have the option of a TAFE certification all the way to a master's degree. The idea is to build your skills and prepare yourself for NAATI testing, to work as a certified translator or interpreter.

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NAATI is the national accreditation authority for translators and interpreters, and it does what its name implies sets and maintains professional standards for T&I.

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Tee says the key milestone is gaining NAATI certification.

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And then you move on to another next step, which is registering with as many agencies as you can find to then finally land a gig. So this lengthy process can take anywhere from 6 months to 2.5 years in preparation time, and it also incurred some hefty initial opportunity costs.

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To enter a formal T&I course, you'll need to demonstrate strong proficiency in both English and another language. You can also qualify with tertiary study completed in an English speaking country. NAATI also requires evidence of language proficiency before granting certification.

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Marina Morgan is a senior lecturer with TAFE SA, which offers NAATI endorsed courses.

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NAATI is looking at an IELTS level 6 in English proficiency, and people need to be able to be conversant in current affairs issues and know at least the amount of vocabulary and terminology that the general public would know about any particular topic.

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After meeting the language requirements, you need to enrol in a NAATI endorsed course that suits your goals.

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Ms Morgan says the minimum requirement is the Introduction to Interpreting or Introduction to Translating skill set. This is a 12 week course designed to prepare candidates for the NAATI test.

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And it is an introduction to the ethics of the profession, the techniques that are used in interpreting or translating, and the research that is required to be able to do a job. So the skill set

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is really for people who are already at a good level with their languages, have a good grasp of interpreting techniques and communicating techniques, and are practically ready for a NAATI test. And there are also people who want to do the skill set as an introduction to see whether the profession would be for them.

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Several colleges offer these skill set courses.

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For more in-depth study, the Diploma of Interpreting is a one-year part-time course offered by a small number of institutes and universities. TAFE SA delivers the diploma online through a virtual classroom. Ms Morgan notes that the skill set course is not language specific.

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They would be doing

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the ethics and the techniques of interpreting and translating, but in a class with people who speak many other languages, and the assessments are done in English and the teaching is done in English. The diploma on the other hand, is language specific, so the students would actually have a tutor who is a NAATI certified interpreter, has

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teaching skills and would actually teach them through the whole year in their language.

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Completing a qualification also shows NAATI that you meet required ethical and intercultural standards. These skills are essential when ethical challenges arise at work. Tee recalls situations where she's recognised a client.

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You may not always be told who you'll be interpreting for when you're going into an interpreting gig, and suddenly in walks someone familiar. Does your staying in that room to interpret for them compromise your professionalism? If you then decide to leave the gig, that person may not get the help they need right away.

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After completing your studies, you're ready to sit the NAATI test. Paula Aparicio is a NAATI team leader for certification testing and a certified practitioner. She says NAATI offers several types of certifications.

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They range from general topics to high level specialists, so we have the conference and of course also health and legal specialist credentials. The tests we offer are available in around 70 languages.

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For any languages that we don't have a test, we have a credential that is called recognised practising credential, and this credential does not have a formal testing, but it does confirm that someone has the training and experience and has also met some of the prerequisites.

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Everyone is required to sit a NAATI test regardless of qualification. The entry level credential is certified provisional interpreter.

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The next level is certified interpreter. Higher specialist credentials are also available. Ms Aparicio says the test is designed to reflect real working conditions.

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So if we are talking about interpreters, what you can expect is a conversation that you have to interpret on the spot between two speakers or

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maybe sight translate a document. You have to quickly scan it and say what the document says in the other language. And for translators it's also really similar to real scenarios, so you will have to translate a text that simulates what you normally will get once you are a translator yourself.

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The assessments are rigorous. Passing shows you've met a nationally recognised professional standard.

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Because translation and interpreting require different skills, you must sit separate tests for each.

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And on top of that, for translation, the test and the credential is specific to the direction. So for example, you will need to sit one test if you want to translate from English into your language. So in my case Spanish. If you wanted to do it the other way around to get that credential from Spanish into English, you will need to sit another test, and that's considered another credential.

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Your certification must be renewed every 3 years.

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This means that practitioners must demonstrate to NAATI that they're currently practising and undertaking professional development.

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That's what will give the community the confidence that all the translators and interpreters that hold the NAATI certification, they are skilled, ethical, and also that they are actively working in the profession. So that's the guarantee that we are giving to the community. Once they pass the test, they are still staying up to date with all the knowledge and training they need to have.

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The NAATI website provides all you need to know about pathways, prerequisites, and testing.

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Interpreters often work on a contract basis through agencies, so it can help to contact agencies and ask which languages are currently in highest demand when planning your next steps.

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Thanks for listening to this episode of Australia Explained, written and produced by me, Melissa Compagnoni.

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Australia Explained managing editor is Roza Germian.

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This was an SBS audio podcast. For more Australia Explained stories, visit SBS.com.au/Australiaexplained.

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Subscribe or follow the Australia Explained podcast for more valuable information and tips about settling into your new life in Australia. Do you have any questions or topic ideas, send us an email to australiaexplained at SBS.com.au.

END OF TRANSCRIPT

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