Australian legend Anna Meares retained her title in the women's 500m Time Trial with a new Commonwealth record.
The 30-year-old took 0.3 seconds off her own previous record of 33.758, set in New Dehli four years ago, to cross the line in 33.435.
Compatriot Stephanie Morton claimed silver ahead of England's Jess Varnish.
Four-time world champion Meares has now won a record-equalling five gold medals in track cycling at the Commonwealth Games, joining fellow Australian Bradley McGee.
It is a third successive victory in the event for Meares, who has now equalled Kathy Watt's Australian women's cycling record of seven Commonwealth Games medals and has become the first rider to win a medal at four Games.
"I'm very proud and I think Kathy would be very proud as well," Meares said of her achievements.
"She was the lady who introduced me to cycling through the TV, watching the Commonwealth Games, and to be here and to do that is an honour."
Meares has the chance to beat Watt's record when she will compete in the women's sprint final.
If she can claim a medal in that event she will also equal New Zealand's Gary Anderson as the most decorated track cyclist at the Commonwealth Games.
"I've got a day off and then back here for the qualifying on the Saturday. It's a totally different ball game to the individual time trial," she added.
"Speed is only one aspect of it and it won't be enough to get me over the line. I've got a very big task ahead of me."
The Australian quartet of Jack Bobridge, Luke Davison, Alex Edmondson and Glenn O'Shea set a new Commonwealth record on their way to beating England, who had Wiggins in their line-up, to the Team Pursuit gold.
Australia dominated from the start and finished five seconds ahead of the English in a time of three minutes 54.851seconds.
"We knew we were well ahead going into the final laps and we just put our heads down and started chasing them," Edmondson said.
"We were probably a little bit quicker than we thought we would be."
Wiggins, making his return to track cycling for the first time since 2008, couldn't inspire his team-mates of Ed Clancy, Andy Tennant and Steven Burke to victory against the current world champions as the 34-year-old collected the fourth silver medal of his Commonwealth Games career.
New Zealand's Shane Archibald, Pieter Bulling, Dylan Kennett and Marc Ryan pipped Canada to the bronze.
Four-time Olympic champion Wiggins only made the decision to compete in the Games two weeks ago after being dropped by Team Sky for this year's Tour de France but said he had proved a point to anyone who doubted that he could still compete on the track.
Setting his sights on claiming a fifth Olympic gold in Rio in two years' time Wiggins said: "I certainly answered the questions whether I can still do it or not but I still think there is a lot more room for improvement."
"I think we're all disappointed but in hindsight we will look back on this and think this was the start of things for us. It's going to take a lot more dedication to the track ahead of Rio."
Another Games record was set by New Zealand trio of Ethan Mitchell, Sam Webster and Eddie Dawkins as they collected gold in the Team Sprint final ahead of England's Jason Kenny, Philip Hindes and Kian Emadi.
"We worked very hard for the gold. We had silver last time. We came here with a very strong idea how to win the gold," Webster said.
Australia claimed bronze ahead of Malaysia.
England's Sophie Thornhill claimed gold in the women's para-sport sprint tandem with pilot Helen Scott ahead of Scotland's Aileen McGlynn and pilot Louise Haston who won the host nation's first medal of the Games.
Australia's Brandie O'Connor and Breanna Hargrave picked up the bronze.
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