A senior Austrian military officer is believed to have spied for Moscow for decades, Vienna says, adding to a list of recent Russian espionage cases and souring relations with arguably the country's closest ally in the EU.
Austria was in the minority of EU countries that did not expel any Russian diplomats over the poisoning of former spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter in Britain, which London has blamed on Moscow. Russia denies any involvement.
Conservative Chancellor Sebastian Kurz, who governs in coalition with the far-right and pro-Moscow Freedom Party, has said that decision was in line with Austria's neutrality and a tradition of maintaining good relations with countries on both sides of the former Iron Curtain.
Vienna is a major diplomatic centre hosting many foreign officials.
But Kurz hardened his tone on Friday, announcing that a recently retired colonel was believed to have spied for Moscow from the 1990s until this year.
"If the suspicion is confirmed, such cases ... do not improve relations between Russia and the European Union," he told reporters, without naming the suspect. The case has been referred to prosecutors and the former colonel has been questioned.
Foreign Minister Karin Kneissl, who danced with Russian President Vladimir Putin at her wedding in August, has cancelled a planned trip to Moscow over the case. She has also summoned the Russian charge d'affaires since the ambassador is outside the country.
"For the moment we are demanding transparent information from the Russian side," Kurz said.
In Moscow, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said he was "unpleasantly surprised" by Vienna's allegations and Moscow knew nothing about the retired officer, news agencies RIA and Interfax reported.
Russia had in turn summoned the Austrian ambassador, agencies said.
Kurz repeatedly referred to a recent case in the Netherlands in which the government said Russian agents tried to hack into the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons while it was investigating the Skripal case.
Western countries last month issued coordinated denunciations of Russia for running what they described as a global hacking campaign.
"Based on the information we have but also because of recent events for example in the Netherlands we can very much assume at the moment that our suspicion will be confirmed," said Kurz, who has met Putin in Austria twice since the Skripal poisoning.
Defence Minister Mario Kunasek, speaking alongside Kurz, said Austria was tipped off about the case weeks ago by an ally's intelligence service, and issues of interest to the officer included weapons systems and migration into Europe.
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