Health workers say they are overwhelmed by new Ebola cases at the epicentre of an outbreak described as an existential threat to hardest-hit Liberia.
The World Health Organisation (WHO), which raised the death toll to nearly 2300, has predicted an "exponential increase" in infection across west Africa, and warned that Liberia in particular will face thousands of new cases in the coming weeks.
"We are overwhelmed. The patients keep coming in (huge) numbers. Yesterday we received up to 30 patients," Sophie Jane, a spokeswoman for Doctors Without Borders (Medecins Sans Frontieres, MSF), said at the aid agency's Ebola unit in Monrovia.
The WHO upped the death toll on Tuesday to 2296 out of 4293 cases in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Nigeria. Nearly half of all infections had come in the past 21 days, it said.
Liberia, with 1200 dead, has borne the brunt of the outbreak, and has run perilously short of space at the few Ebola treatment sites operating.
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The WHO said Montserrado county, which contains Monrovia, needed 1000 beds. It reported that infected people were being driven to centres in the capital only to be turned away, return home and create "flare-ups" of deadly fever in their villages.
Bystanders watched warily on Wednesday as a man turned away by the MSF centre in Monrovia struggled to stay on his feet.
"I came but they say they have no space. I have strong headache and I have fever. I am trying to get back home," the man said.
Residents interviewed by AFP described an atmosphere of fear paralysing daily life in the Liberian capital.
"I am afraid. I don't know what to do now actually. Where are we going? Are we all going to die? If WHO can say this kind of thing it means we are finished," said Monrovia resident Kluboh Johnson, 45.
Meanwhile businesses said trade was drying up as people stayed indoors, afraid of infection.
"A few people will come and take one or two bottles of beer, but custom is no longer like before. They are afraid to come out because of Ebola," the owner of one bar said.
"I am afraid myself. One man came here last night and started to drink abundantly. When I asked him what was wrong, he asked me if I did not hear that thousands of people are going to get Ebola in the coming weeks."
Liberian Defence Minister Brownie Samukai told a meeting of the UN Security Council on Tuesday that the country was facing "a serious threat to its national existence".
The disease is "now spreading like wildfire, devouring everything in its path", he said.
The WHO has evacuated its second infected medical expert, a doctor who had been working at an Ebola treatment centre in Sierra Leone.
Emory University Hospital in the US admitted an American on Tuesday who had contracted the disease in west Africa, but declined to confirm whether the patient was the WHO employee.
The agency's head of epidemiology, Sylvie Briand, said in Geneva on Tuesday that the immediate realistic goal for Liberia was to slow rather than stop the spread of Ebola.
But in Senegal and Nigeria, the aim was "to stop transmission completely", she added.
Nigeria has recorded 19 infections and eight deaths, but the news was better in Senegal, where authorities said on Wednesday a Guinean student who was the country's only confirmed case had recovered.
