US authorities have accused a former executive of Volkswagen's Audi luxury brand of giving orders to program diesel engines to cheat on emissions tests.
Giovanni Pamio, 60, an Italian citizen, is accused of being a leader in a conspiracy that was part of an embarrassing scandal that has cost VW more than $US20 billion ($A26 billion) in criminal penalties and lawsuit settlements. He's the seventh ex-VW employee charged in the case that is being investigated by the FBI and the Environmental Protection Agency's criminal unit.
One of the employees is scheduled for sentencing later this month, another is in custody in the US and four others are German citizens.
Volkswagen has admitted that VW, Porsche and Audi vehicles with two-litre and three-litre diesel engines were programmed to turn pollution controls on during government treadmill tests and turn them off while on the road. The scheme went on for years before being discovered in tests conducted by West Virginia University.
According to a criminal complaint filed on Thursday in Detroit, Pamio is charged with conspiracy, wire fraud and violating the Clean Air Act. Gina Balaya, spokeswoman for the US Attorney's Office in Detroit, said she could not comment on whether he is in custody.
The complaint says Pamio was head of Thermodynamics in Audi's Diesel Development Department in Neckarsulm, Germany, leading a team of engineers who designed emissions controls from 2006 through November of 2015.
He and other unidentified conspirators determined it was impossible to calibrate a three-litre diesel engine to meet US nitrogen oxide emissions standards within design constraints imposed by other VW departments. So Pamio "directed Audi employees to design and implement software functions to cheat the standard US emissions tests," the US Attorney's Office said in a statement.
Pamio and others then failed to disclose the software and knowingly misrepresented that the engines complied with US pollution standards, according to the complaint.
VW already has pleaded guilty to criminal charges and agreed to pay a $US2.8 billion ($A3.7 billion) penalty.
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