The tie will be played on a hard court indoor surface with the roof closed.
The stadium is home to Ligue 1 soccer club Lille with a capacity of more than 50,000 but that is reduced for the tennis, with a court set at one end, to seat 27,500.
France beat Serbia 3-1 at the weekend at the same stadium, on a clay surface, to secure their place in the final.
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The Lille stadium was also the venue last time France played in the final, with the hosts losing to Roger Federer's Switzerland in 2014 on clay.
Nine-time champions France last won the Davis Cup in 2001.
Twice runners-up Belgium, who secured their place in the final by beating Australia 3-2 in Brussels, are chasing their first title after being losing finalists in 2015 and 1904.
(Reporting by Alan Baldwin in London, editing by Christian Radnedge)
