The Federal Government has refused to comment on the details of an alleged list of 420 Australians suspected of trying to travel to fight with the self-proclaimed Islamic State.
The ABC has reported Turkey has a watch list with the names of those who allegedly either want to travel or have travelled to neighbouring Syria and Iraq to fight.
Justice Minister Michael Keenan has refused to comment on any details of the reported list but says cooperation between Turkey and Australia is ongoing.
"Certainly, if we had information about an Australian who we haven't been able to stop leaving Australia, or they've left Australia and, subsequently, we've got further information about their intentions, then we will talk to the Turks about that. And if they can stop any Australian going to the conflict zone, then that is obviously a good thing. Now, if they were to return to Australia, then we would seek to gather evidence on their intentions, and there's a range of offences that we could prosecute them for."
The ABC says the 420 names are contained on a so-called "no-entry list" of foreign nationals to be prevented from entering Turkey.
The list reportedly is the result of intelligence from Turkey, Australia and over 100 other countries and has grown from 90 names in 2014.
But the head of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute's Counter Terrorism Policy Centre, Jacinta Carroll, says the figure of 420 could be inflated.
She says it could reflect Turkey's definition of a terrorist differing from Australia's.
"We don't really know as yet how they're defining this number. It may be just foreign fighters. It may be, as it appears from the reports we're seeing today, that it's those Australians who are known to Turkish authorities and are on an alert list."
Turkey claims to have captured one of Australia's most notorious fighters with IS, Neil Prakash.
Calling himself Abu Khaled, he is an IS recruiter and is the face of multiple propaganda videos.
He is believed to be one of three Australians detained in Turkey and is now facing possible extradition to Australia.
Without referencing him specifically, Michael Keenan has told the ABC such a case could warrant life imprisonment.
"Now if they were to return to Australia, then we would seek to gather evidence on their intentions, and there's a range of offences that we could prosecute them for."
Turkey is the main gateway for foreign fighters entering Syria and Iraq.
Around 20 Australians are said to have been deported from a Turkish checkpoint, with half returned to Australia.
There are fears Australian authorities are under-resourced, especially if scores of alleged foreign fighters are deported back to Australia.
Ms Carroll says the situation is a grave concern.
"The very high number of Australians involved is of very serious concern to authorities here, because they're already stretched."
Meanwhile, Opposition Leader Bill Shorten says he wants efforts to counter terrorism stepped up.
"Countering violent extremism should have all the resources it needs to be thrown at it."
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