It comes amid new violence in the Indian-administered part of the contentious shared territory after weeks of deadly unrest.
At the start of India's commemorations of independence from Britain, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inspected the guard of honour.
He then stood - under heavy security - beneath the 17th century Red Fort in Old Delhi to deliver his third annual address.
Mr Modi called for national unity, but wasted no time in taking aim at neighbouring Pakistan.
He said India had cried when children were killed in a Taliban attack on a school in the Pakistani region of Peshawar in 2014.
But across the border, he suggested, was a government backing terrorism.
"Look at those who glorify militants. When innocents are killed by militants, then they are celebrated. What kind of life is this, inspired by terrorism? What kind of government setup is it that is inspired by terrorism? The world will understand this double standard and that is enough for me."
Pakistan foreign affairs advisor, Sartaj Aziz, responded by accusing India of trying to divert attention from the grim tragedy unfolding in recent weeks in the part of Kashmir it controls.
His statement echoed criticism from Pakistani leaders a day earlier, during their independence celebrations, which included calls for Kashmir's independence from India.
Amid the war of words new violence has broken out in Kashmir, following weeks of unrest triggered by last month's killing of a major separatist fighter.
Indian security forces gunned down the man and imposed heavy curfews.
Dozens of civilians have been killed in the time since, in what's been dubbed the worst violence in the Himalayan region since 2010.
Kashmir is jointly ruled by the two nuclear powers, but each claims the whole region as its own.
The Chief Minister of India's northern Jammu and Kashmir State, Mehbooba Mufti, meanwhile, says leaders are to blame for the tensions.
"The problem is not between local people and people of the country. The problem is not between Jammu and Kashmir and India. The problem could be between local leadership and Indian leadership. I too have many grievances."
In his speech Narendra Modi also referred to what he said were messages of support he's received from people inside Pakistan, including the western province of Balochistan.
He said Pakistan is sponsoring terror and committing rights abuses in the region known for a long-standing insurgency.
Balochistan's provincial capital, Quetta, was the scene of a deadly suicide bombing earlier this month, claimed both by a Taliban faction and by IS.
Pakistan says India is backing the uprising in Balochistan.
