This article references suicide.
Instagram CEO Adam Mosseri has rejected the notion that users could be clinically addicted to social media, as he testified in a landmark California trial over whether his company knowingly hooked children on its platform for profit.
Meta — the parent company of Instagram and Facebook — and Google-owned YouTube are defendants in the blockbuster trial, which could set a legal precedent regarding whether social media giants deliberately designed their platforms to be addictive to children.
"I think it's important to differentiate between clinical addiction and problematic use," Mosseri said as he was grilled by plaintiff attorney Mark Lanier on Thursday.
"I'm sure I said that I've been addicted to a Netflix show when I binged it really late one night, but I don’t think it's the same thing as clinical addiction,” he added.
Addiction is at the heart of the civil trial, which centres on allegations that a 20-year-old woman, identified as Kaley GM, suffered severe mental harm after becoming addicted to social media as a young child.
She started using YouTube at six and joined Instagram at 11, before moving on to Snapchat and TikTok two or three years later.
Mosseri was the first major Silicon Valley figure to appear before the jury to defend himself against accusations that Instagram functions as little more than a dopamine "slot machine" for vulnerable young people.
Protecting minors is 'good for the business', CEO says
In front of the jury of six men and women, Mosseri also pushed back against the idea that Meta was motivated by a "move fast and break things" ethos that valued profit over safety.
"Protecting minors over the long run is even good for the business and for profit," he said.
Mosseri's testimony precedes the highly anticipated appearance of his boss, Mark Zuckerberg, currently scheduled for 18 February, with YouTube CEO Neil Mohan the following day.
In opening remarks this week, plaintiffs' attorney Lanier told the jury that YouTube and Meta both engineer addiction in young people’s brains to gain users and profits.
Meta and Google "don't only build apps; they build traps," Lanier said.
Meta's attorney said that the suffering encountered by the plaintiff was due to her family context and could not be attributed to her use of Instagram or other social media.
The attorney for YouTube insisted that the video platform was neither intentionally addictive nor technically social media.
YouTube is selling "the ability to watch something essentially for free on your computer, on your phone, on your iPad", the attorney insisted, comparing the service to Netflix or traditional TV.
'Gateway drug'
Stanford University School of Medicine professor Anna Lembke, the first witness called by the plaintiffs, testified Tuesday that she views social media, broadly speaking, as a drug.
She also said young people’s brains were underdeveloped, which is why they "often take risks that they shouldn't", comparing YouTube to a gateway drug for kids.
The trial is currently scheduled to run until 20 March.
Social media firms face more than a thousand lawsuits accusing them of leading young users to become addicted to content and suffer from depression, eating disorders, psychiatric hospitalisation, and suicidality.
Kaley GM's case is being treated as a bellwether proceeding whose outcome could set the tone for a wave of similar litigation across the United States.
Two further test trials are planned in Los Angeles between now and the summer, while a nationwide lawsuit will be heard by a federal judge in Oakland, California.
In New Mexico, a separate lawsuit accusing Meta of prioritising profit over protecting minors from sexual predators began on Monday.
Readers seeking crisis support can ring Lifeline on 13 11 14 or text 0477 13 11 14, the Suicide Call Back Service on 1300 659 467 and Kids Helpline on 1800 55 1800 (for young people aged up to 25). More information and support with mental health is available at beyondblue.org.au and on 1300 22 4636.
Embrace Multicultural Mental Health supports people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds.
For the latest from SBS News, download our app and subscribe to our newsletter.
