South Korea's intelligence services have detected preparations in North Korea that it's preparing the launch another intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) soon.
"We have continued to see signs of possibly more ballistic missile launches. We also forecast North Korea could fire an intercontinental ballistic missile," Chang Kyung-soo, a defence ministry official, told a parliament hearing on Monday.
Seoul is preparing fresh military drills with its ally the United States and ramping up its ballistic missile defences in response to North Korea's sixth and most powerful nuclear test on Sunday.
The United Nations Security Council was set to meet later on Monday to discuss fresh sanctions against the isolated regime. US President Donald Trump had also asked to be briefed on all available military options, according to his defence chief.
South Korea's defence ministry also said it would temporarily deploy the four remaining launchers for a major new US missile defence system after the completion of an environmental assessment by the government.
The rollout of the controversial Terminal High Altitude Area Defence (THAAD) system, vehemently opposed by neighbouring China, had been delayed since June.
South Korea's air force and army conducted exercises involving long-range air-to-surface and ballistic missiles on Monday following Sunday's nuclear test, the joint chiefs of staff said in a statement. More drills were being prepared with US forces in the South, it said.
North Korea said an advanced hydrogen bomb for a long-range missile was tested on Sunday, prompting the warning of a "massive" military response from the United States if it or its allies were threatened.
"We are not looking to the total annihilation of a country, namely North Korea," US Defence Secretary Jim Mattis said after meeting Trump and his national security team. "But as I said, we have many options to do so."
Trump has previously vowed to stop North Korea developing nuclear weapons and said he would unleash "fire and fury" if it threatened US territory. That prompted the North to threaten to fire missiles towards the US Pacific territory of Guam, although it has since appeared to back away from that threat.
Despite the tough talk, the immediate focus of the international response was expected to be on tougher economic sanctions against Pyongyang.
Diplomats have said the UN Security Council could now consider banning Pyongyang's textile exports and the North's national airline, stop supplies of oil to the government and military, prevent North Koreans from working abroad and add top officials to a blacklist to subject them to an asset freeze and travel ban.
South Korean President Moon Jae-in and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe agreed on Monday to pursue stronger UN sanctions.
"Both heads of state agreed to co-operate closely with each other and the United States and shared the understanding there must be the most powerful sanctions and pressure applied on North Korea," presidential Blue House spokesman Park Su-hyun told a media briefing.
The aim of stronger sanctions was to draw North Korea into dialogue, he said.
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