"You can talk to mum about anything. She's tough, but fair. Mum commands respect. Mum loves it when you do good and is disappointed when you do bad. Mum taught you better than this. Mum is everywhere, she sees all. Mum doesn't take sides, she is the mediator. Mum is forgiving. She just wants you to all get along."
That was Egyptian-born social worker Amirah Amin addressing a mentor at a recent event called Hackathon 2.0 in Perth.
The hackathon was a four-day brainstorming session on how to combat online hate speech.
It attracted online designers, students, social workers, victims of militant attacks, even self-described former right-wing extremists who have formed teams now to fight online hatred.
Amirah Amin and her team have come up with an online presence they hope can address the growing level of hate speech on the Internet - a mum.
"She's going to have a very active presence. So she's going to be posting. She's going to be commenting on posts online. So, she'll have a social media page on Facebook, on Twitter, on Instagram. And I guess her role is partly around mediating things and also just about monitoring what's going on. So, if she sees a post that she doesn't like, that she'll comment on it and say, 'Mum doesn't like this' or just have an emotional response. I guess we're just trying to build that whole presence around your relationship with your mum and just instil that second thought of, 'Oh, is this okay? What would my mum think if she read this?'"
Ms Amin's team's idea was considered the best at the four-day hackathon.
Other ideas included, for example, a communication strategy with a person coloured grey to show how dull the world could be with no diversity.
Among those attending the event were high-profile figures like Gill Hicks, who lost both legs below the knees in the 2005 London Underground bombing.
She has become a peace advocate, speaking around the world about people finding harmony with each other.
Ms Hicks says Australia needs to have a conversation about the kind of country it wants to be.
"Firstly, who are we? What's going on? How are our views differing, particularly in the last few years, and where is the potential for extremism to be bubbling up in our communities? And how are we getting onto that before it even builds into something that, well, we don't want to see happen in this country? So prevention, prevention, prevention, I believe, is the only way that we should be tackling extremism in this country."
She says she worries about the future for her daughter, and she suggests some people underestimate the power of the words they use online to hurt people and inflame fear of the unknown.
"We do have to have a responsibility. I think it goes beyond being politically correct or saying that we're not valuing freedom of speech. Of course, we must value those things. But, equally, we're in 2016. We surely have evolved to a position in humanity where we can be able to talk to each other as human beings without segregating where we're from culturally or what we believe religiously."
Another tragedy victim was Alpha Cheng, whose father Curtis Cheng was randomly shot and killed outside police headquarters in suburban Sydney by a 15-year-old boy.
Police say the boy, shot dead by police, was influenced online to commit the indiscriminate murder.
Mr Cheng says more questions need to be asked.
"There's very little discussion on the drivers that have created, sort of, extremism and violence. It's always talk about what's up here, it's like going it's immigration or something that's very external. If it's a terrorist attack, it's like then, 'Oh, we have to go bomb somewhere that's really far away.' It's not because there is a culture or there is a system of disadvantage and victimisation that has created that."
Alpha Cheng says societal disharmony is complex, and he says community and political leaders should not try to simplify those issues.
"By addressing those, we can actually tackle a lot more issues than just looking at extremism. There are a lot of drivers out there that are causing a lot of disenfranchisement - youth unemployment, our low achievement - and, if we want to be in a thriving, innovative country where everybody has opportunity, that's what we need to solve and not kind of talk about singular solutions or the exclusion of people to be a solution."
The Canberra schoolteacher says hate just leads to more hate.
He says, after his father's death, he is driven to help break down fear and anxiety and that comes from truly knowing another person's culture or religion.
"The desire from everyone that I've worked with is for a safer, more inclusive and more successful Australia. That's what we have to remember, that everyone here, at the end of the day, what they wish and what they value is to feel safe, included and to feel like they have every opportunity available to them as an Australian."
A self-described former right-wing extremist, James Fry, says, as a young teenager, he was drawn to a group that blamed others for their own problems and lack of opportunities.
He says it capitalised on one of a human being's most fundamental needs, to belong to something.
"Up until that point, I'd always been part of something bad, always getting in trouble, not fitting in. I could suddenly fit in, and it no longer required me to do any work on myself, or take stock of myself or what might be wrong with me. I could solely put it on the others, and I could be seen as noble doing that. And that was incredibly attractive to a young boy incredibly confused in a complex world."
An author now, he says the reach and immediacy of social media is spreading hate speech at levels society has never seen before.
He says what he calls the silent majority that opposes hate speech needs to speak up online, but engage in dialogues, rather than try to silence others.
"What we've seen happen across the world in this rise of far right groups is that, when, say, people who may traditionally be on the left shut these people down in dialogue, then they usually walk into the open arms of the alternative right, who are happy to apparently listen to them, and they feel hurt. Then they're happy to get swept away in the more extreme messages that they may have."
