Oil has fallen for a fifth straight day, losing 10 per cent on the week, and Goldman Sachs says more losses are needed to force producers to cut supplies adequately to balance the glut and bleak demand outlook in the market.
Futures of global oil benchmark Brent and US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude seesawed during Friday, settling slightly lower after stock prices on Wall Street gave up their earlier strength.
The two benchmarks hit 12-year lows earlier in the week after China's stock market crash roiled global markets.
Since the selloff in oil began 18 months ago, traders and investors have wondered how long and deep the slide would go as prices fell from above $US100 a barrel to below $US40, and looked poised to break below $US30 next.
Goldman, which has said oil could hit $US20, said in a note on Friday the market needs to see sustained low prices through the first quarter "so producers will move budgets down to reflect $US40 a barrel oil for 2016".
The note, based on interactions between oil producing companies and investors at a Goldman conference in Miami this week, concluded that producers were not ready to slash output at current prices.
"Instead, producers spoke largely of their agility to spend within cash flow and ... ramp up when needed," the Wall Street bank said.
"This hurt sentiment as investors came away concerned that companies were not being responsive enough."
Brent settled 20 US cents lower at $US33.55 a barrel on Friday. It hit a session low of $US32.78, after sliding on Thursday to $US32.16, the lowest since April 2004.
For the week, Brent fell 10 per cent, just behind the 11 per cent drop in the opening week of 2015, which was a record loss for oil in the first full trading week of any year.
WTI ended 11 US cents lower at $US33.16. It fell to $US32.64 earlier in the day, after falling to $US32.10 on Thursday, its lowest since December 2003.
"The sentiment is still extremely negative and short positions are still at excessive levels," Hans van Cleef, senior energy economist at ABN Amro, told the Reuters Global Oil Forum.
"That makes it also hard to pinpoint the timing of the expected recovery."
ABN Amro cut its 2016 Brent and WTI price forecast to $US50 per barrel from its prior view of $US65 and $US60, respectively.
The options market indicates concerns oil prices can fall further. Some investors are acquiring put options giving them the right to sell at $US25 a barrel, anticipating that Brent will fall below that, and the costs of those options are soaring.
Over the past year, the world has been producing 1.5 million barrels per day more oil than it consumes. The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and the International Energy Agency expect global demand growth to slow in 2016 to around 1.20-1.25 million bpd from a very high 1.8 million bpd in 2015.
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