At least 16 protesters have been killed after Nepal police fired rubber bullets, tear gas and water cannon to disperse demonstrators in Kathmandu demanding the government lift its ban on social media and tackle corruption.
Several social media sites — including Facebook, YouTube and X — have been inaccessible in Nepal since Friday, after the government blocked 26 unregistered platforms, leaving users angry and confused.
"Sixteen people have sadly died," Shekhar Khanal, spokesperson for the Kathmandu valley police, told Agence France-Presse. "About 100 are under treatment, including police."
Many of the injured were being treated at the nearby Civil Hospital, according to its information officer Ranjana Nepal.
"I have never seen such a disturbing situation at the hospital," she told AFP.
"Tear gas entered the hospital area as well, making it difficult for doctors to work".
Waving national flags, young demonstrators in the capital Kathmandu started the protest with the national anthem before unleashing chants against the social media prohibitions and corruption.
Young demonstrators gathered in the capital to demand an end to corruption and the lifting of social media bans. Source: AAP / NARENDRA SHRESTHA/EPA
Violence erupted in the streets as police baton-charged protesters, some of whom climbed over the wall into the parliament premises.
The district administration imposed a curfew in several key areas of the city, including the parliament, the president's residence and Singha Durbar, which houses the prime minister's office.
Similar protests were organised in other districts across the country.
What triggered the protests?
Popular platforms such as Instagram have millions of users in Nepal who rely on them for entertainment, news and business.
"We were triggered by the social media ban, but that is not the only reason we are gathered here," said student Yujan Rajbhandari, 24.
"We are protesting against corruption that has been institutionalised in Nepal."
Another student, Ikshama Tumrok, 20, said she was protesting against the "authoritarian attitude" of the government.
"We want to see change. Others have endured this, but it has to end with our generation," she told AFP.
Violence erupted in the streets as police baton-charged protesters. Source: AAP / EPA / Narenda Shrestha
"There have been movements abroad against corruption and [the government is] afraid that might happen here as well," said protester Bhumika Bharati.
The cabinet decided last month to give the affected companies seven days to register in Nepal, establish a point of contact and designate a resident grievance handling officer and compliance officer.
The decision came after a Supreme Court order in September last year.
In a statement on Sunday, the government said it respected freedom of thought and expression and was committed to "creating an environment for their protection and unfettered use".
Nepal has restricted access to popular online platforms in the past.
The government blocked access to the Telegram messaging app in July, citing a rise in online fraud and money laundering.
It lifted a nine-month ban on TikTok in August last year after the platform agreed to comply with Nepali regulations.
