Iran, who have already qualified for next year's World Cup finals, travelled to Seoul without veteran midfielder Shojaei, who, along with compatriot Ehsan Hajsafi, featured for Greek club Panionios against Israel's Maccabi Tel Aviv in a Europa League playoff on Aug. 4.
The Iranian government does not recognise the state of Israel, and athletes from the country who compete against their Israeli counterparts have been banned in the past from representing Iran.
"Hajsafi and Shojaei have no place in Iran’s national football team any more ... they crossed Iran's red line," the country's deputy Sports Minister Mohammad Reza Davarzani.
The move prompted FIFA to ask Iran's FA to provide further information on the situation. FIFA's statutes ban political interference in its affiliated national associations, which can be suspended if the rule is breached.
If a country's FA is suspended, it means both the national team and its clubs are barred from international competition.
However, with Hajsafi named among the 23-man squad to take on the Koreans at Seoul World Cup Stadium, Queiroz said Shojaei had been excluded for purely sporting reasons, though he did not elaborate on them.
"Imagine if Carlos Queiroz starts to explain why Masoud Shojaei is not here," he told Reuters.
"I never gave explanations about my team selections at Real Madrid or Sporting or the Portugal national team. Why should I give explanations now?
"The turbulence stays outside, whether the issues are political or religious or social or economic," Queiroz said. "They stay outside.
"I am a man of the football entertainment industry. My answer is to win the game. Don't expect from me political answers, religious answers, racist answers because what counts for me is the game that my father taught me.
"He was a coach and a player and he always told me: Never lie to the game."
Queiroz has become a hugely popular figure in Iran during a successful spell in charge that has seen him guide the country to back-to-back appearances at the World Cup for the first time in the nation's history.
Iran appeared at the finals in Brazil in 2014, when they were eliminated at the end of the group stage, and have already secured their place in next year's finals despite having two qualifiers remaining.
"My duty is to bring joy and happiness to the people," he said.
"I play for the people. I work for the people. Football is the people's game, no matter how much governments, emperors, and kings try to control it. Football is the people's game and I work for the people and I play for the people.
"It's as simple as that."
(Editing by Peter Rutherford)
