Spain has freed a woman jailed for deadly attacks by armed group ETA, 26 years into her sentence, under a European rights ruling that may lead to the release of dozens more violent Basque separatists.
Ines del Rio Prada, 55, walked free from jail a day after the European Court of Human Rights condemned Spain for retroactively cutting short the years of remission she had earned from prison work.
Monday's ruling by the Strasbourg-based European court could end up freeing 54 ETA prisoners, nine prisoners from other armed groups that have since been broken up, and 14 common criminals, all of whom had their remission time shortened retroactively.
Del Rio has been in jail since 1987 after being sentenced to 3838 years for terrorist-related offences including 19 killings.
Judges in Spain's National Court ordered on Tuesday that she be released from the prison in A Coruna, northwestern Spain, "in line with the Strasbourg decision," a judicial source said.
She walked free in the late afternoon, within hours of the ruling, journalists outside the jail reported.
The European court had upheld its July 2012 ruling in favour of Del Rio Prada and told Spain to pay her 30,000 ($A42,800) in damages and 1500 euros for costs.
The human rights court found against Spain over its retroactive use of a legal practice known as the "Parot doctrine" that allowed the time convicts spend in prison to be effectively extended.
The doctrine, adopted by the Spanish Supreme Court in 2006, said that years of remission earned through prison work should be deducted from the total sentence - often amounting to hundreds of years - instead of the 30-year limit on prison terms set by Spanish law.
In Del Rio Prada's case, the doctrine wiped out her remission and extended her prison time by nearly nine years.
It was first applied in February 2006 to ETA prisoner Henri Parot.
Spain's Justice Minister Alberto Ruiz-Gallardon spoke of his "regret" after the European ruling but said it would be up to the courts to decide on how the verdict applied to other cases.
ETA, listed as a terrorist group in the US and Europe, is blamed for the deaths of 829 people in a four-decade campaign of shootings and bombings for an independent homeland in northern Spain and southern France.
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