The United States last year downgraded Thailand to its "Tier 3" list of worst offenders - alongside the likes of Iran and North Korea - in its annual ranking of countries by their counter-trafficking efforts.
The report sparked a crackdown by Thai authorities which led to a surge in the number of boats and refugees destined for Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia being abandoned at sea by trafficking gangs.
The United Nations estimates several thousand are stranded on boats. Thai authorities have been accused by rights groups of indifference, and sometimes complicity, over the trade in humans, allowing camps run by cross-border people traffickers to thrive.
"The government is showing clear intentions to seriously and efficiently combat and tackle the human trafficking issue," the Thai leader, General Prayuth Chan-ocha, said during an opening ceremony to mark Thailand's first "anti-trafficking day".
Prayuth said he was under no illusion about the challenges ahead and the scale of human trafficking, which he said stemmed from poverty and inequality.
"The human trafficking issue is not one that we can solve in a short time span," he said. "It is a complex issue that has accumulated over a long period of time."
Thai police say they have issued 84 arrest warrants for human trafficking, apprehending 51 suspects so far, the most notable being a high-ranking Thai army general.
Those trafficked are mainly from impoverished Bangladesh, or members of Myanmar's mostly stateless Rohingya minority. Myanmar vehemently denies it is the source of the problem.
Prayuth vowed to continue the crackdown and severely punish those profiting from the trade.
"Anyone involved with this issue - whether citizens orgovernment officials, cops, soldiers or whoever - if they make a living off fellow human beings, we will make sure they have no place to stand in society," Prayuth said.
"We will not let them go, or go easy on them. If they have businesses, we will shut them down."
(Reporting By Kaweewit Kaewjinda and Pracha Hariraksapitak; Editing by Martin Petty and Jeremy Laurence)
