Dutch lawmakers Thursday overwhelmingly voted in favour of recognising the mass killing of Armenians in the early 1900s under the Ottoman Empire as "genocide", in a move likely to worsen already-strained ties with Turkey.
"The motion is accepted," parliamentary speaker Khadija Arib announced after the lower house voted 142 to 3 in favour of the proposal "that parliament in no uncertain terms speak about the Armenian genocide".
It also agreed to send a cabinet representative to Yerevan in April for the commemorations of the killings and every five years afterwards.
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Armenians have long sought international recognition for the 1915-1917 killings in the Ottoman era as “genocide”, which they say left some 1.5 million of their people dead.
But Turkey - the Ottoman Empire's successor state - argues that it was a collective tragedy in which equal numbers of Turks and Armenians died.
"We strongly condemn the decision taken today by the chamber of deputies of the Netherlands to recognise as genocide the events of 1915," the Turkish foreign ministry said in a statement.
In another sign of Turkish irritation at the Dutch MPs, Ankara reminded the Netherlands of the massacre of some 8,000 Muslim men and boys by Bosnian Serbs during the war at Srebrenica in 1995 where Dutch peacekeepers were stationed.
"The unfounded decisions taken by the parliament of a country which closed its eyes to the Srebrenica massacre... have no place in history," the foreign ministry said.
Unanswered question
So far, parliaments in more than 20 countries, including Germany, have voted for laws or resolutions explicitly recognising the Armenian "genocide".
However there is no international consensus, with historians disputing the facts on both sides.
Acting Dutch Foreign Minister Sigrid Kaag quickly tempered the motion, saying even though the ruling four-party coalition voted for the motion, the government will "restrain" itself.
"Cabinet will therefore not follow the House in this matter," said Kaag.
"We'll pay our respects to the victims and relatives of all massacres of minorities," Kaag said, stressing that the cabinet would not make a judgement on whether there had been "a genocide".
For some years, the Dutch government has taken a nuanced position, speaking of the "question of the Armenian genocide", with Kaag reiterating Thursday that that would remain the case.
A motion by the far-right Freedom Party proposing that the government must recognise the killings as "genocide" was rejected by MPs.
"It's a good thing that there's a motion, supported by almost all," Socialist Party MP Sadet Karabulut said about the vote.
"But it's sad to say that the government, because of political reasons still speak about the 'question of the Armenian genocide'. It will however be a step forward if government attends the commemorations," she said.
'Still historical debate'
Tunahan Kuzu, leader of DENK, a Dutch political party whose supporters are mainly of Turkish descent, however voted against the motion.
"We are satisfied with the Minister's (Kaag) explanation, because she's not going with the majority of the chamber's desire to put its own take on a historical event," Kuzu told lawmakers.
"We regret the pain of all the victims and the suffering of all loved ones," he said, adding "we are for reconciliation."
"But reconciliation cannot happen if you are presenting a one-sided political view of history," the DENK MP said.
Ankara too vehemently rejects the term "genocide", saying up to 500,000 died when Armenians rose up and sided with invading Russian troops in World War I.
Before the vote experts said the Netherlands was unlikely to officially change its stance from speaking about "the question of the Armenian genocide."
"The Dutch government is indicating that it's a case over which there still is historical debate," Erik-jan Zurcher, professor of Turkish studies at Leiden University told AFP.
Zurcher added that although the latest move was sure to strain Turkish-Dutch relations it would not "break fundamental ties between the two countries."
Relations however have deteriorated since Dutch officials barred two Turkish ministers from attending a rally in Rotterdam on the eve of general elections last March.
