Lauren Price, from Maryland, is suing Facebook on behalf of other US users of the social media site whose information was improperly collected by data firm Cambridge Analytica.
Ms Price has used Facebook for eight years, and said she frequently saw political ads on the social media network during the 2016 election.
The case comes after it was revealed Cambridge Analytica collected information about 50 million Facebook users through a survey, and then used that information to influence voters in the 2016 US election.
The proposed class-action was filed at the US District Court in San Jose, California, with Ms Price seeking unspecified damages.
"Facebook had known about this security breach for two years, but did little or nothing to protect its users," Ms Price's complaint said.
This is the first lawsuit brought by a Facebook user over the Cambridge Analytica scandal, but others are expected to follow.
Investors sue
Facebook investor Fan Yuan filed a lawsuit against the company yesterday, on behalf of other investors.
That lawsuit claims Facebook made "misleading statements", and neglected to disclose details about third-party access to data.
Facebook's share price dropped dramatically in the aftermath of the lawsuit.
Ms Price's complaint however adds that both Cambridge Analytica and Facebook violated the privacy of millions of people in the US, and that users have a higher risk of identity theft as a result.
"There's going to be a lot of litigation flowing from this," attorney Jay Edelson of Edelson PC told CNN.
"The most direct liability is against Cambridge Analytica.
"We believe they have violated a host of city, state, and federal laws. The case against Facebook is less direct.
"On the surface, many believe that Facebook acted, perhaps, negligently.
"We believe we will be able to provide more context to how Cambridge Analytica fits Facebook's overall business model."
