That would make the fourth consecutive year of trillion dollar-plus deficits during President Barack Obama's administration.
The bleak figures, while expected, are sure to add fuel to the already heated presidential campaign, in which Obama's handling of the economy and the budget are a main topic.
Friday's release came as the government said US economic growth slowed to an annual rate of just 1.5 per cent in the second quarter of this year, as consumers cut back sharply on spending.
The White House budget office also predicts for this year the economy will grow at a modest 2.6 per cent annual rate and that the jobless rate will average 8 per cent.
"The economic recovery that began in 2009 will continue at a moderate rate and unemployment will gradually decline," Jeffrey Zients, the acting White House budget director said in a blog post. "The economy still faces significant headwinds," he added.
The 2012 budget year ends on September 30. The White House also predicted that next year's deficit will fall just short of $US1 trillion, higher than it predicted in its February budget release. The predicted deficit for 2012 actually improved by $US116 billion, but much of that was because Congress didn't enact much of Obama's jobs plan.
But the White House promises deficits will drop to about 3 per cent of the size of the economy by 2017, in part through $US1.5 trillion in tax increases over the coming decade.
The White House report - released on Friday afternoon with the Olympics poised to distract voters for two weeks - again trumpets Obama's longstanding approach to tackling the deficit. It includes tax increases on families earning above $US250,000, already-enacted "caps" on agency operating budgets and modest savings from federal benefit programs such as Medicare and Medicaid.
"Since taking office, the president has worked to restore fiscal responsibility," says the OMB report.
Under Obama's budget plan, the total US debt would reach $US16.2 trillion by the end of the year and soar to $US25.4 trillion at the end of a decade's time.
The government is likely to reach its borrowing cap - the subject of a fierce fight last summer between Obama and Republicans - late this year or early next year, which is going to require the next Congress and either Romney or Obama to act together to increase the borrowing cap. That is seen by many as an opportunity to force lawmakers to finally tackle the country's major budget problems.
Romney, for his part, offers relatively few specifics on the budget but promises to bring total government spending down to 20 per cent of the US economy by the end of a first term in 2016. That is roughly in line with where it was during Republican George W. Bush's presidency. Government spending now equals 24 per cent of gross domestic product.
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